针对具有圆对称结构特征的光束，提出了一种基于高阶准离散汉克尔变换的光束整形算法。与传统Gerchberg-Saxton算法相比，相同条件下，该算法能够在较少的迭代次数内实现快速收敛，并大幅节省计算时间（约100倍），利用该算法设计的衍射光学元件呈圆对称分布，结构简单、更易于加工；此外，设计实验对目标光束整形，验证了该算法的可行性，实验结果光强分布较好，为衍射光学元件的设计和加工提供了重要的指导意义。

为提高靶面光强，高功率激光驱动装置中常采用多路激光组束打靶，目前主要采用2×2集束的方式。集束聚焦系统中使用的透镜可分为离轴透镜和非离轴透镜,采用非离轴楔形透镜的集束聚焦系统在理想条件下可获得很好的焦斑质量。建立了2×2集束聚焦系统的光传输模型，并仿真研究了实际安装调试过程中各种误差对其焦斑造成的影响。结果表明，反射镜角度和透镜平移对系统的焦斑质量影响很大，需要对其进行精密调试；透镜安装角度和焦距误差对系统的焦斑质量影响较小，现有条件比较容易满足。本文研究可提高研究人员对多光束相干合成集束方案的认识，对实际系统的安装调试有一定指导意义。

Large aperture high-power laser drivers usually focus the high power laser beams in 2×2 quads to the target chamber center in order to increase the light intensity on the target plane. The large aperture wedged focus lenses are the core components in the focus system of quadruplets of beams, and it is thought possible to use four two-dimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses as four sub-lenses to make up a larger aperture wedged focus lens in form to focus the four beams. Given that the large aperture two-dimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses are processed and used difficultly, the wedged focus lenses are divided into three categories: the two-dimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses, the onedimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses, and the non-off-axis wedged focus lenses. On the basis of the three modes of the wedged focus lenses and the corresponding specific incidence angles of each sub-beam, the three focus schemes for the 2×2 beam array are put forward to comparatively research the light intensity distribution on the target plane. Research results show that from a perspective of the coherence among the four sub-beams, the phase factors of each sub-beam respectively introducing by the three focus systems with the two-dimensional off-axis, one-dimensional off-axis, and non-off-axis wedged focus lenses are asymmetric, asymmetric and symmetric inside each sub-beam, and symmetric, asymmetric and symmetric among the four sub-beams. Therefore, the wave front consistency of the four sub-beams decreases in the order of the focus systems with the non-off-axis, two-dimensional off-axis, and one-dimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses. The focus schemes with the non-off-axis wedged focus lenses for 2×2 beam array can get the narrowest main-lobe, the strongest peak-value intensity, the highest energy concentration ratio on the target plane, followed by the one-dimensional off-axis and two-dimensional off-axis wedged focus lenses. The off-axis mode of the wedged focus lenses not only increases the complexity in the course of processing and using, but also increases the main-lobe size, decreases the peak-value intensity and the energy concentration ratio, which obtains a weaker focusing characteristics than that of the non-off-axis mode of the wedged focus lenses. Research results can provide an important reference for the design of the focus system in the target area of high-power laser drivers.

Based on the optical transmission theory, the reason why front-surface particle contamination may induce the original damage of thin optical components is considered, and a damage mechanism is put forward: The localized thermal deformation of an optical element induced by the thermal effect of particle contamination together with the shading effect of it can disturb the laser beams. Simulated results show that for a high power laser, the localized thermal deformation of thin optical components, which disturbs the laser beam, is an important cause to produce strong light intensity modulations. The surface shape, phase delay, and thermal diffusion length of a localized thermal deformation are constantly changing with the increase of laser pulse shot number, so the highest light intensity modulation will be produced at different positions in the thickness direction or the xy direction on the rear-surface of an optical element. This not only can easily induce some damages on the rear-surface of the optical element, but also cause the interior damages scattered in the thickness direction.

将稳态场的相干偏振统一理论应用于脉冲光束的研究。构建了部分相干方形平顶电磁脉冲光束，并推导出该光束经相位调制透镜后聚焦的交叉谱密度函数表达式。详细探讨了相位调制尺寸、调制深度、调制中心位置以及光束相关长度等对聚焦场光谱强度的影响。研究结果表明，局域相位调制会导致在聚焦场中产生另一光谱强度峰值，光束的相关参数和相位调制参数决定该光谱强度峰值大小，并在一定情况下使之发生移动。特别是当光源相关参数和相位调制参数处于某临界值时，会发生光谱强度峰值开关现象。同时发现，空间相关长度导致光束发生空间焦移，而脉冲时间相关长度导致光谱强度峰值在频率上的移动。

针对平行光栅对结构的压缩器和圆形入射光束，建立了光栅拼缝所引起的光谱剪切的数学模型，并模拟了该光谱剪切对压缩脉冲信噪比的影响。与双曲正割型脉冲相比，光栅拼缝对高斯型脉冲信噪比的影响较小。随着光栅拼缝宽度的减小与光束口径的增大，压缩脉冲信噪比得到提高。对于确定的拼接光栅压缩器和光束直径，当脉冲中心波长与光谱剪切中心波长（受到光谱剪切作用的波段的中心波长）相等时，可以得到最高的压缩脉冲信噪比。

和对称式光学系统比较,含有非球面透镜的光学系统能够实现一些特殊要求的变换。采用傍轴近似,用几何光学的方法分析了锥形透镜,得到了椭圆锥透镜透射函数的解析表达式。在此基础上进一步推广,得出了圆锥透镜和柱透镜的透射函数。利用以上结论构建了双柱透镜系统,用于实现变形分数变换。分数变换的可加性使得这一光学系统成为构建变形分数系统的基本单元,利用标量衍射理论,得到了该结构输出函数的解析式,并详细分析了结构参数对实现各种分数变换所需要满足的条件。

从Frantz-Nodvik模型出发,采用包含弛豫作用的速率方程组,将放大器对反激光的放大当作多程放大处理,模拟计算了光路中反激光的能流分布。光路为钕玻璃放大系统,激光脉宽1.0 ns,输出能量2.5 kJ。放大器剩余增益的较大差异导致光路中各个元件反激光能流密度分布显著不同。与使用1级70 mm棒状放大器相比,采用2级70 mm棒状放大器时反激光能流相对集中,具有潜在的破坏危险。

通过全矢量有限差分法数值模拟,设计了一种大模面积平顶模场光子晶体光纤。光纤截面上空气孔为三角形格子分布,中心七个空气孔缺失并在其中心引入一低折射率区域。分析了内纤芯大小、空气孔间距和空气孔相对大小等参数变化对内纤芯折射率、基模模面积等特性的影响。给出了工艺上简单易行的平顶模场光子晶体光纤结构,其平顶模面积可达2000 μm2。发现增加内纤芯尺寸和导光波长,降低空气孔相对尺寸,可以减少光纤中的高阶模含量。

目前利用常见的一些光学CAD软件来完成复杂光学系统的鬼像规避设计工作还存在不足,需外部辅助程序的干预才能获得更直观的计算结果。用自编辅助程序处理ZEMAX执行结果,快速得到复杂光学系统的鬼像分布图的方法。该方法得到的计算结果正确,给出的鬼像分布图形象且直观,可读性好,对高功率激光装置的设计有重要帮助。