为适应高功率激光系统的紧凑空间需求，将基于二阶鬼像的远近光场耦合方案应用于高功率激光准直技术中，设计并搭建出灵敏的小型准直光学系统。提出完备的测试方案，验证了该方案的可行性，获得近场测量灵敏度为7.04 μm/pixel，远场测量灵敏度为18.14 (″)/pixel，并得到远场变化对近场的影响关系，用以优化光束校准。相比于传统远、近场分离的准直系统，该方案在满足成像质量和分辨率要求的同时，大幅缩减了光路和器件数量，远、近光场相互影响和校准的反馈处理更便捷。

In order to realize the diagnostics for synchronization of multi-ultrashort pulses, a method to diagnose the synchronization of multi-ultrashort pulses is provided and tested. Taking two beams of picoseconds ultrashort pulses for example, the time division multiplexing method is used. Based on the cross-correlation method, the time synchronization between these two pulses is realized at first. Then, the phase difference of the beams within the range of time synchronization is adjusted. By monitoring the focal spot on far- field can implement the phase synchronization of two pulses. In this scheme, the regulation precision of temporal synchronization and phase synchronization is 6.7 fs and 0.007 π, respectively. The adjustable range of temporal and phase module is 333 ps and 150 π, respectively. The experimental results show that by using this diagnostics scheme the diagnostics for synchronization between two ultrashort pulses can realized.

The wedge-shaped lens is the key and special optical component of the final optics assembly (FOA) in high power laser facility. The wedge-shaped lens wedge angle measurement plays a remarkable role in focusing performance of high power laser. If processing angle and work attitude of the wedge-shaped lens deviate from the specific work angle, big surface deviation will be introduced into the FOA. Special shape of the wedge-shaped lens is not conducive to the measurements of the transmission profile and wedge angle. A set of wedge-shaped lens measurement adjustment programmes is proposed, including measurement of the wedge-shaped lens in processing process, and off-line measurement of wedge-shaped lens during alignment and on-line measurement during the debugging process. The scheme can ensure the processing precision and working attitude of the wedge-shaped lens, guarantee the beam quality and the positioning accuracy of the FOA components of high power laser system.

为实现多束超短脉冲束间同步状态的诊断，提出并验证了一种用于多束超短脉冲相干合成的束间同步诊断技术方案。以两束皮秒量级的超短脉冲为例，采用了时分复用的方法。首先，基于互相关的方法来实现两束超短脉冲之间的时间同步，然后在时间同步范围内，通过调节光束之间的相位差，并同步监测远场上焦斑干涉图样的变化来实现两束超短脉冲之间的相位同步。在该方案中，时间同步调节模块的调节精度为6.7 fs，调节范围为333 ps；相位同步调节模块的调节精度为0.007 π，调节范围为150 π。实验结果表明，基于该诊断技术方案，能够实现两束超短脉冲间的束间同步状态的诊断。

楔形透镜是高功率激光系统终端光学组件的关键元件，也是较为特殊的光学元件，楔形透镜的楔角测量关系着高功率激光的聚焦性能。终端组件中楔形透镜的加工角度、工作姿态一旦偏离了特定的工作角度，终端组件会引入大的面形偏差，楔形透镜特殊的形状不利于楔形透镜面形、楔角的测量。提出了一整套楔形透镜测量调整方案，包括楔形透镜加工过程中的测量方案，楔形透镜安装过程中的离线测量与调整方案，以及终端组件上线调试过程中的在线调试测量方案。该套方案的实施能够保证楔形透镜的加工精度，及组件中楔形透镜能够工作在最佳工作姿态，保障了高功率激光系统终端组件的光束质量和定位精度。

真空环境下大口径光学元件的装夹采用传统有机物无应力装夹方式会带来有机污染等各种问题。设计了一种大口径平面光学元件的夹具和装夹方案，利用金属结构直接装夹大口径平面光学元件，可在降低金属装夹框表面加工精度和光学元件处于任意倾斜角度等情况下，不产生光学元件装夹应力，同时避免了传统有机物无应力装夹而带来的有机污染。可广泛应用于大口径平面光学元件在光学工程、光学实验装置中的装夹。

拼接光栅技术是提高高功率激光器输出能量的一条可能途径，为保障高功率激光器光束时空光束质量，拼接光栅角度误差必须小于0.4 μrad，位移偏差小于20 nm。为了满足光栅拼接调整系统的高精度高稳定性要求，设计了光栅拼接旋转角度偏差检测方案用于测量两块相邻光栅之间的相对空间姿态。测量系统测量光束与压缩器主光束同轴，利用相移式干涉仪测量待测光，得到若干干涉图样，通过快速傅里叶变换还原波前得到相邻两块光栅相对空间角度偏差。通过实验验证了检测系统的理论可行性，目前在小口径光束下精度达到0.45 μrad。测量方案结合拼接光栅只需要测量波面倾斜误差的要求，简化了干涉测量光路及图像分析流程，有利于光栅拼接技术的工程化应用。