通常用混合阶庞加莱球的方法描述任意矢量涡旋光束，该方法可以使其偏振与相位演化的物理过程变得更加直观。目前，人们常用空间光调制器、超表面与螺旋相位板的组合、激光谐振腔等来产生矢量涡旋光束。然而，这些方法所产生的光束通常只限于特定的偏振态，且具有低损伤阈值、低转换效率和大结构尺寸等缺点，并且这些方法通常只能实现同一混合阶庞加莱球上的适量涡旋光束的产生与切换。本文提出了一种利用电控可调液晶q板和波片通过纯电控手段来实现两个不同阶混合阶庞加莱球上任意矢量涡旋光束的随意产生与切换。通过理论和实验对其结果进行验证，与预期仿真结果基本保持一致。此方法具有良好的电可控性、集成性好、转换效率高等优点，并且可以为结构化光束的应用提供基本的光学系统支持。

More durable (with high impact force), lighter, and more compact flexible azo dye micropolarizers are attractive candidates for low-cost, simple polarization imaging systems. The liquid crystal polymer (LCP), as an emerging material developed by photo-alignment technology, is a potential material for organizing the long-range ordered structure of azo dyes. However, little research has been done on LCP aligned azo dyes. This paper points out and solves a key problem that restricts the fabrication of high-precision arrays in guest (azo dye)-host (LCP) systems: the doping of dyes leads to disorder of the LCP during curing. After solving the problem, the relationship between the thickness of the LCP and the extinction ratio of the polarizing film was investigated, which effectively improved the extinction ratio. Alignment of azo dye molecules in the range of 2 µm (0°–180°) and arrays of micropolarizers (0°, 45°, 90°, -45°) with 8 µm × 8 µm pixel pitch was achieved by laser direct writing technology. The bending cycle test demonstrates the mechanical stability of the ultrathin flexible polarizer. The flexible patterned polarizer with robust chemical and mechanical stabilities provides a flexible way to capture the polarization of the light and highly integrated advanced flexible optoelectronic devices.

Optical edge detection, a part of image processing, plays an important role in extracting image information used in optical analog computation. In this Letter, we raise a new way to realize optical edge detection. This design is based on two liquid crystal polarization gratings with a period of 2.2 mm, which function as a spatial differentiator. We experimentally demonstrate broadband optical detection and real-time adjustable resolution. The proposed method takes advantage of the convenience to use, simple fabrication process, and real-time tunable resolution. It may guide more significant applications in the optical field and other practical scenarios like machine vision in computers.