为实现惯性约束聚变（ICF）内爆燃烧停滞阶段过程中最大压缩时刻的冷燃料面密度分布测量，设计了包含字母客体与针孔阵列的照相客体，通过同一发相同视角测量源分布与客体照相技术，首次建立了皮秒激光驱动的高能X射线源编码照相技术。通过星光III实验研究，基于W丝阵靶照相的反演图像空间分辨率5.4 μm±0.7 μm；激光到X射线（50～200 keV）的能量转换效率，W丝阵靶5.4×10⁻⁴，与传统Au单丝靶的转换效率（4.8×10⁻⁴）一致。基于源编码照相解决了传统皮秒激光背光照相中空间分辨率与光源亮度不能兼顾的困难，为强背景干扰下提供高信噪比、高分辨率的ICF靶丸压缩背光图像提供了重要照相方式。

We demonstrate a portable system integrated with time comparison, absolute distance ranging, and optical communication (TRC) to meet the requirements of space gravitational wave detection. A 1 km free-space asynchronous two-way optical link is performed. The TRC realizes optical communication with 7.7×10-5 bit error rate with a Si avalanche photodiode single-photon detector, while the signal intensity is 1.4 photons per pulse with the background noise of 3×104 counts per second. The distance measurement uncertainty is 48.3 mm, and time comparison precision is 162.4 ps. In this TRC system, a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diode with a power of 9.1 µW is used, and the equivalent receiving aperture is 0.5 mm. The TRC provides a miniaturization solution for ultra-long distance inter-satellite communication, time comparison, and ranging for space gravitational wave detectors.

We demonstrate a multi-channel pseudo-random coding single-photon ranging system. A pseudo-random multiplexing technique is proposed, which realizes multi-channel pseudo-random ranging only by using one single-photon detector and processing circuit. Compared with the time division multiplexing technique, it will not reduce the maximum unambiguous range while increasing the number of the ranging channel. Eight-channel pseudo-random coding single-photon ranging was realized with the ranging accuracy better than 2 cm. Moreover, photon counting imaging was realized through scanning the laser beams of the eight-channel pseudo-random ranging system. There is no crosstalk between channels, which is suitable for multi-beam long-distance single-photon Lidar.

针对目前透明度遥感反演研究多以较低空间分辨率卫星数据为主的现状，采用分辨率高达10 m的Sentinel-2卫星数据进行了胶州湾海域水体透明度的遥感反演研究。构建了基于实测数据的反演模型。结果表明：模型具有较高的精度，反演值与实测值的平均相对误差为9.86%，均方根误差为0.22 m。依据构建的反演模型与卫星影像数据反演了胶州湾水体的透明度，绘制了水体的透明度分布图，分析了胶州湾海域水体透明度的空间分布规律和局部的细微变化特征。研究发现，胶州湾海域水体透明度呈现由近岸向外海逐渐升高的趋势，径流量大的河流会造成汇入海域透明度明显降低的变化，潮汐会引起透明度出现沿垂直于岸边方向的纹理变化特征，大型船只的通航会造成透明度短时降低的变化。

We report a method to reduce the detection delay temperature drift for a single-photon detector based on the avalanche photodiode (SPAD). Both the SPAD and the comparator were temperature stabilized, resulting in an ultra-low temperature drift at 0.01 ps/°C. A stable time deviation as 0.15 ps over 1000 s was realized, while the ambient temperature fluctuated rapidly from 24°C to 44°C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the ultra-stable delay SPAD detector in the case of rapid increase or decrease of ambient temperature. It is helpful to improve the stability of onboard detectors for optical laser time transfer between ground and space.