Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are revolutionizing our lives. Near-eye displays are crucial technologies for VR and AR. Despite the rapid advances in near-eye display technologies, there are still challenges such as large field of view, high resolution, high image quality, natural free 3D effect, and compact form factor. Great efforts have been devoted to striking a balance between visual performance and device compactness. While traditional optics are nearing their limitations in addressing these challenges, ultra-thin metasurface optics, with their high light-modulating capabilities, may present a promising solution. In this review, we first introduce VR and AR near-eye displays, and then briefly explain the working principles of light-modulating metasurfaces, review recent developments in metasurface devices geared toward near-eye display applications, delved into several advanced natural 3D near-eye display technologies based on metasurfaces, and finally discuss about the remaining challenges and future perspectives associated with metasurfaces for near-eye display applications.

Light field 3D display technology is considered a revolutionary technology to address the critical visual fatigue issues in the existing 3D displays. Tabletop light field 3D display provides a brand-new display form that satisfies multi-user shared viewing and collaborative works, and it is poised to become a potential alternative to the traditional wall and portable display forms. However, a large radial viewing angle and correct radial perspective and parallax are still out of reach for most current tabletop light field 3D displays due to the limited amount of spatial information. To address the viewing angle and perspective issues, a novel integral imaging-based tabletop light field 3D display with a simple flat-panel structure is proposed and developed by applying a compound lens array, two spliced 8K liquid crystal display panels, and a light shaping diffuser screen. The compound lens array is designed to be composed of multiple three-piece compound lens units by employing a reverse design scheme, which greatly extends the radial viewing angle in the case of a limited amount of spatial information and balances other important 3D display parameters. The proposed display has a radial viewing angle of 68.7° in a large display size of 43.5 inches, which is larger than the conventional tabletop light field 3D displays. The radial perspective and parallax are correct, and high-resolution 3D images can be reproduced in large radial viewing positions. We envision that this proposed display opens up possibility for redefining the display forms of consumer electronics.

计算全息作为一种三维显示手段，能够基于衍射计算实现对目标光场的精确重建，在元宇宙通讯、AR/VR头戴显示、车载抬头显示等方向均有着重要的应用。如何实现高速且高质量的相位全息图生成是计算全息领域发展的关键问题，也是当前该方向的重要研究课题。近年来，深度学习技术的飞跃式发展为上述问题的解决提供了一条新的技术路径。本文介绍了计算全息技术的基本原理及算法分类，综述了近年来所提出的基于深度学习的计算全息解决方案，比较了各类方案的优势与不足，展望了深度学习技术在计算全息领域的发展与挑战。

在裸眼3D立体视频观看中，由于存在辐辏调节的矛盾，观看者会产生诸如眩晕、呕吐等视疲劳症状，尤其在医疗、A/VR等场景下，3D视频观看通常为任务驱动，眼动行为由于受到主观控制，单一的眼动特征很难准确评估视觉疲劳，更无法得到视疲劳等级，导致视疲劳无法及时被发现，从而造成不可预估的损失。针对以上问题，本文提出了一种基于多种眼动行为的3D视疲劳等级评估模型，旨在观看3D内容时，通过对注视、扫视、眨眼等眼动行为进行建模分析，得到实时视疲劳等级。本文采用主客观相结合的方法进行实验：受试者观看3D内容，实验人员记录受试者主观打分并利用眼动仪提取受试者客观眼动行为；通过进行相关性分析，探究任务驱动下能够表征3D视疲劳的各种客观眼动行为；利用神经网络建立基于16种眼动行为的视疲劳四等级评估模型。模型对3D视疲劳等级的预测准确率达到82%，证明了模型的有效性。