增加测量信息可以有效降低荧光分子断层成像(FMT)重建的病态性，但随着数据增多，重建耗时也会显著增加。为了降低FMT重建的病态性和提升大规模数据集下的重建效率，结合对偶坐标下降法(DCA)和交替方向乘子法(ADMM)提出了一种改进的随机变量的交替方向乘子法重建优化方法。在原始ADMM方法的基础上，增加了一个随机更新规则，在每次迭代中只需要一个或者几个样本，就可加速收敛，使目标函数快速得到最优解，从而达到快速重建的效果。设计了数字鼠仿真实验和真实鼠实验，实验结果表明，所提方法在保证FMT重建图像精度的同时，显著提高了重建效率。

The Monte Carlo method is a versatile simulation algorithm to model the propagation of photons inside the biological tissues. It has been applied to the reconstruction of the fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). However, such method suffers from low computational efficiency, and the time consumption is not desirable. One way to solve this problem is to introduce a priori knowledge which will facilitate iterative convergence. We presented an in vivo simulation environment for fluorescence molecular tomography (ISEFMT) using the Monte Carlo method to simulate the photon distribution of fluorescent objects and their sectional view in any direction quantitatively. A series of simulation experiments were carried out on different phantoms each with two fluorescent volumes to investigate the relationship among fluorescence intensity distribution and the excitation photon number, the locations and sizes of the fluorescence volumes, and the anisotropy coefficient. A significant principle was discovered, that along the direction of the excitation light, the fluorescent volume near the excitation point will provide shelter effect so that the energy of the fluorescent volume farther away from the excitation point is relatively lower. Through quantitative analysis, it was discovered that both the photon energy distribution on every cross section and the fluorescence intensity distributed in the two volumes exhibit exponential relationships. The two maximum positions in this distribution correspond to the centers of fluorescent volumes. Finally, we also explored the effect of the phantom coefficients on the exponential rule, and found out that the exponential rule still exists, only the coefficient of the exponential rule changed. Such results can be utilized in locating the positions of multiple fluorescent volumes in complicated FMT reconstruction involving multiple fluorescent volumes. Thus, a priori knowledge can be generalized, which would accelerate the reconstruction of FMT and even other images.

Challenges remain in imaging fast biological processes in vivo with fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) due to the long data acquisition time. Data acquisition with limited projections can greatly reduce the time consumption, but the influence of limited-projection on reconstruction quality is currently unclear. Both numerical simulations and a phantom experiment are conducted to analyze this problem. Through a systematic investigation of all the results reconstructed from different numbers of projections, we evaluate the influence of limited-projection data on FMT. A mouse experiment is also performed to validate our work. A general relationship between the number of projections and reconstruction quality is obtained which indicates that the projection number of three is preferred for fast FMT experiment.

针对尺度缩放和角度旋转变化目标相关识别率低的问题，在联合相关识别中加入傅里叶-梅林变换方法。采用傅里叶-梅林变换(FMT)中的对数极坐标变换、梅林变换、傅里叶变换具有的旋转、尺度、平移（RST）不变性，可以提高JTC图像识别的性能，实现畸变-不变图像的识别。利用联合变换相关器对角度旋转0°～40°、尺度变化0～20%的目标进行计算机仿真实验。实验结果表明：在JTC中采用FMT可以实现畸变-不变图像的识别。