Imaging polarimetry is one of the most widely used analytical technologies for object detection and analysis. To date, most metasurface-based polarimetry techniques are severely limited by narrow operating bandwidths and inevitable crosstalk, leading to detrimental effects on imaging quality and measurement accuracy. Here, we propose a crosstalk-free broadband achromatic full Stokes imaging polarimeter consisting of polarization-sensitive dielectric metalenses, implemented by the principle of polarization-dependent phase optimization. Compared with the single-polarization optimization method, the average crosstalk has been reduced over three times under incident light with arbitrary polarization ranging from 9 μm to 12 μm, which guarantees the measurement of the polarization state more precisely. The experimental results indicate that the designed polarization-sensitive metalenses can effectively eliminate the chromatic aberration with polarization selectivity and negligible crosstalk. The measured average relative errors are 7.08%, 8.62%, 7.15%, and 7.59% at 9.3, 9.6, 10.3, and 10.6 μm, respectively. Simultaneously, the broadband full polarization imaging capability of the device is also verified. This work is expected to have potential applications in wavefront detection, remote sensing, light-field imaging, and so forth.Imaging polarimetry is one of the most widely used analytical technologies for object detection and analysis. To date, most metasurface-based polarimetry techniques are severely limited by narrow operating bandwidths and inevitable crosstalk, leading to detrimental effects on imaging quality and measurement accuracy. Here, we propose a crosstalk-free broadband achromatic full Stokes imaging polarimeter consisting of polarization-sensitive dielectric metalenses, implemented by the principle of polarization-dependent phase optimization. Compared with the single-polarization optimization method, the average crosstalk has been reduced over three times under incident light with arbitrary polarization ranging from 9 μm to 12 μm, which guarantees the measurement of the polarization state more precisely. The experimental results indicate that the designed polarization-sensitive metalenses can effectively eliminate the chromatic aberration with polarization selectivity and negligible crosstalk. The measured average relative errors are 7.08%, 8.62%, 7.15%, and 7.59% at 9.3, 9.6, 10.3, and 10.6 μm, respectively. Simultaneously, the broadband full polarization imaging capability of the device is also verified. This work is expected to have potential applications in wavefront detection, remote sensing, light-field imaging, and so forth.

偏振是强度、波长和相位之外描述电磁波基本属性的第四个重要的“信息维度”参量，物体反射光或辐射光的偏振特性与其材质、几何形状、纹理结构和表面粗糙度、理化特性等本身性质密切相关。偏振光学成像是基于对光的偏振信息进行探测的新型光学成像手段，其利用目标反射光和背景杂散光的偏振特性差异，以达到改善目标成像质量、提高作用距离、提升探测能力和增强识别概率的目的。作为对强度、光谱和红外成像方式的有效补充手段，偏振光学成像对低信噪比复杂背景环境、强散射环境、低照度环境下的目标探测，具有重要的应用价值。结合作者多年来在偏振光学成像探测方面的研究工作基础，围绕相关的器件、技术和应用发展状况，对偏振光学成像研究领域进行了较为详细的介绍。包括偏振光学成像技术及偏振相机的国内外研究、发展和应用状况，与偏振光学成像密切相关的偏振光Stoke矩阵表示及偏振光学成像基本原理，以及研究团队在偏振相机研制及偏振光学成像探测方面开展的研究工作，主要涉及分孔径偏振光学成像系统的设计及关键器件和技术，偏振图像的信息处理技术及算法和应用。最后，对偏振光学成像研究目前需要解决的技术问题和发展方向给出了思考和建议。

针对空间调制型全偏振成像系统中二维傅里叶变换解调算法的优化问题，提出贝塞尔修正的方向选择性二维汉宁切趾优化解调算法，对比分析了不同切趾函数主瓣宽度与旁瓣衰减的特性.相比于传统汉宁窗，该算法旁瓣抑制能力提高了12.89 dB，主瓣宽度为0.065π，同时在频谱滤波过程中对相对位置在对角线方向上频谱信息有良好抑制作用.搭建了基于琼斯矩阵的全偏振成像探测系统，并通过实验进行验证.实验结果表明：经过优化的解调算法全偏振分量的解调精度平均提高了9.48%，验证了优化解调算法的准确性和有效性.