High-precision angle measurement of pulsars is critical for realizing pulsar navigation. Compared to visible light and radio waves, the wavelength of X-rays is incredibly short, which provides the possibility of achieving better spatial resolution. However, due to the lack of applicable X-ray apparatus, extracting the angle information of pulsars through conventional X-ray methods is challenging. Here, we propose an approach of pulsar angle measurement based on spatially modulated X-ray intensity correlation (SMXIC), in which the angle information is obtained by measuring the spatial intensity correlation between two radiation fields. The theoretical model for this method has been established, and a proof-of-concept experiment was carried out. The SMXIC measurement of observing angles has been demonstrated, and the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical values. The potential of this method in future applications is discussed, and theoretically, the angular measurement at the level of micro-arcsecond can be expected. The sphere of pulsar navigation may benefit from our fresh insights.

将脉冲激光的空间展开与激光超声无损检测相结合，数值分析及实验研究了激光瞬态光栅作用于铝合金板的结构响应。数值分析了反射-吸收综合模型框架下表面粗糙度对吸收率的影响，进行了直径1 mm外型、脉冲宽度1 ns、单脉冲6 mJ输入下激光瞬态光栅激励过程的仿真，并开展了相同能量条件下束斑点光源、有限长度线光源的比对分析；数值分析结果表明，观测距离小于等于4 mm的范围内，瞬态光栅激发下峰值为点源激发的2~5倍，且结构表面能量密度约为点源模式的1%、线源模式的12.7%。开发了瞬态光栅模块并搭建了激发-检测实验系统，结合49.36 mm×49.80 mm×4.97 mm尺寸的铸铝平板进行了验证比对。实验结果表明，60 kHz高通滤波下噪声幅值约为1 nm，距离光栅中心位置2 mm处表面位移峰值的相对偏差最大值为8.91%、10 mm处信号时延对应的声表面波速度偏差为6.62%。

干涉光谱成像仪是基于现代光学技术、光谱技术、电子技术及计算机技术发展起来的一种用于精密光学测量的强有力工具。与色散型、滤光片型光谱成像技术相比较，干涉光谱成像技术因其具有高分辨本领、高灵敏度以及高波数准确度等优势，被广泛应用于农林水体监测、大气污染监控、国土矿产勘查以及天文目标观测等领域。本文按照光程获取方式的类型，从时间调制、空间调制以及时空联合调制三个方面综述了国内外干涉光谱成像技术的研究现状，并对每种类型的代表性研究成果进行了介绍和回顾。最后，对干涉光谱成像技术的未来研究趋势进行了展望。