开展基于塑料闪烁光纤的宇宙线缪子测量研究时，对闪烁光纤输出光脉冲的光子数定量分析，是读出电子学设计的前提。在无单光子源等弱光标定时，对缪子入射事件在光纤中产生光脉冲的光子数进行定量分析是本文的主要目标。首先利用硅光电倍增管（Silicon Photomultiplier Tube，SiPM）固有的非光生载流子特性标定光脉冲的测量值，获得缪子在直径1 mm和2 mm光纤中产生微弱光脉冲包含的光子数；然后结合Geant4软件模拟计算缪子在光纤中理论光子产额，并与实验结果对比验证。结果显示，在直径1 mm和2 mm光纤中光脉冲光子期望值分别为44个和85个，与模拟结果偏差分别为4.55%和10.59%，表明该低光子数测量方法可以在无额外标定设备时，实现对缪子入射光纤产生光子数的准确测量，并可以应用在其他弱光脉冲光子数测量场景中。

Muons produced by the Bethe–Heitler process from laser wakefield accelerated electrons interacting with high materials have velocities close to the laser wakefield. It is possible to accelerate those muons with laser wakefield directly. Therefore for the first time we propose an all-optical ‘Generator and Booster’ scheme to accelerate the produced muons by another laser wakefield to supply a prompt, compact, low cost and controllable muon source in laser laboratories. The trapping and acceleration of muons are analyzed by one-dimensional analytic model and verified by two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. It is shown that muons can be trapped in a broad energy range and accelerated to higher energy than that of electrons for longer dephasing length. We further extrapolate the dependence of the maximum acceleration energy of muons with the laser wakefield relativistic factor and the relevant initial energy . It is shown that a maximum energy up to 15.2 GeV is promising with and on the existing short pulse laser facilities.

Muons produced by a short pulse laser can serve as a new type of muon source having potential advantages of high intensity, small source emittance, short pulse duration and low cost. To validate it in experiments, a suitable muon diagnostics system is needed since high muon flux generated by a short pulse laser shot is always accompanied by high radiation background, which is quite different from cases in general muon researches. A detection system is proposed to distinguish muon signals from radiation background by measuring the muon lifetime. It is based on the scintillator detector with water and lead shields, in which water is used to adjust energies of muons stopped in the scintillator and lead to against radiation background. A Geant4 simulation on the performance of the detection system shows that efficiency up to 52% could be arrived for low-energy muons around 200 MeV and this efficiency decreases to 14% for high-energy muons above 1000 MeV. The simulation also shows that the muon lifetime can be derived properly by measuring attenuation of the scintilla light of electrons from muon decays inside the scintillator detector.

The application of laser pulses with psec or shorter duration enables nonthermal efficient ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with homogeneous high ion energies exceeding ion current densities of 1012 A cm??2. The effects of ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks with high energy proton beams are proposed for muon production in a compact magnetic fusion device. The proposed new scheme consists of an ignition fusion spark by muon catalyzed fusion (mCF) in a small mirror-like configuration where low temperature D–T plasma is trapped for a duration of 1 ms. This initial fusion spark produces sufficient alpha heating in order to initiate the fusion process in the main device. The use of a multi-fluid global particle and energy balance code allows us to follow the temporal evolution of the reaction rate of the fusion process in the device. Recent progress on the ICAN and IZEST projects for high efficient high power and high repetition rate laser systems allows development of the proposed device for clean energy production. With the proposed approaches, experiments on fusion nuclear reactions and mCF process can be performed in magnetized plasmas in existing kJ=PW laser facilities as the GEKKO-LFEX, the PETAL and the ORION or in the near future laser facilities as the ELI-NP Romanian pillar.