Laser plasma accelerators (LPAs) enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale, thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material analysis. Being spectrally broadband, laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample properties. The rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm ${}^3$ for single proton bunches to allow for fast online feedback. Here we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm ${}^3$ . The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500 $\unicode{x3bc}$ m and a sensitivity of 100 mGy. The detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton source. The experiments’ primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

强激光加载下金属材料产生的微喷射现象及其内在的机理分析是冲击压缩科学与工程领域研究的前沿问题，相关研究对于认识材料在极端载荷条件下的动力学行为具有重要意义。近年来国内外科学家们基于各大激光装置开展了大量微喷射诊断实验研究，在喷射物性质、金属界面不稳定性增长以及微喷混合问题等方面取得了一系列重要进展。通过回顾微喷静态和动态诊断实验的研究历程，对微喷诊断实验研究方法的重要应用作了详细介绍，同时对微喷产生的主要作用机制、影响因素以及微喷混合等问题进行回顾、梳理和总结。根据当前国内外微喷诊断实验发展趋势，归纳总结目前微喷诊断实验研究结果中仍存在的不足，并对微喷射实验研究未来发展方向进行展望。

Curved crystal imaging is an important means of plasma diagnosis. Due to the short wavelengths of high-energy X rays and the fixed lattice constant of the spherical crystal, it is difficult to apply the spherical crystal in high-energy X-ray imaging. In this study, we have developed a high-energy, high-resolution X-ray imager based on a toroidal crystal that can effectively correct astigmatism. We prepared a Ge 〈511〉 toroidal crystal for backlighting Mo Kα1 characteristic lines (∼17.48 keV) and verified its high-resolution imaging ability in high-energy X-ray region, achieving a spatial resolution of 5–10 µm in a field of view larger than 1.0 mm.

为了对激光光强分布进行准确测量，本文提出基于层析成像技术的激光光强分布测量方法。首先，通过数值仿真计算，对采用的成像模型的准确性以及重建算法的收敛性进行验证。对不同激光光强分布模型以及不同随机噪声等级时的重建精度进行评估。经计算，采用不同典型激光光强模型时其重建误差均小于等于7.02%；在施加10%以内随机噪声时，重建误差均小于8.5%。设计并搭建了层析成像系统，采用定制的一分七光纤束实现7七个角度信号的测量。7个角度分布在垂直于激光光束平面内的近半圆周内，各个角度距重建区域的距离约为160 mm，且7个角度的角度覆盖范围约为150°。实验通过探测激光光束穿过若丹明-乙醇溶液之后的体激光诱导荧光信号，结合后续的数据处理过程间接实现激光光强三维分布的反演。在数据处理过程中，采用交替迭代重建算法对探测信号进行吸收矫正的三维重建，可间接地获得激光光强分布。为了定量评估测量精度，在进行重建时仅采用其中6个角度，将余下一角度的重建反投影以及投影数据间的相关性用来间接证明此重建方法的可行性。计算结果表明，该角度投影以及反投影之间的相关性系数为0.9802，可间接的验证该方法的可行性。可以预见，本工作提出的激光光强三维测量方案在激光应用领域具有广泛的前景。

An optical probing of laser–plasma interactions can provide time-resolved measurements of plasma density; however, single-shot and multi-frame probing capabilities generally rely on complex setups with limited flexibility. We have demonstrated a new method for temporal resolution of the rapid dynamics ( $\sim 170$ fs) of plasma evolution within a single laser shot based on the generation of several consecutive probe pulses from a single beta barium borate-based optical parametric amplifier using a fraction of the driver pulse with the possibility to adjust the central wavelengths and delays of particular pulses by optical delay lines. The flexibility and scalability of the proposed experimental technique are presented and discussed.

The Centre for Advanced Laser Applications in Garching, Germany, is home to the ATLAS-3000 multi-petawatt laser, dedicated to research on laser particle acceleration and its applications. A control system based on Tango Controls is implemented for both the laser and four experimental areas. The device server approach features high modularity, which, in addition to the hardware control, enables a quick extension of the system and allows for automated data acquisition of the laser parameters and experimental data for each laser shot. In this paper we present an overview of our implementation of the control system, as well as our advances in terms of experimental operation, online supervision and data processing. We also give an outlook on advanced experimental supervision and online data evaluation – where the data can be processed in a pipeline – which is being developed on the basis of this infrastructure.