The high-power mode-programmable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam has attracted significant attention in a wide range of applications, such as long-distance optical communication, nonlinear frequency conversion, and beam shaping. Coherent beam combining (CBC) of an optical phased array (OPA) can offer a promising solution for both generating the high-power OAM beam and rapidly switching the OAM modes. However, achieving real-time phase noise locking and formation of desired phase structures in a high-power CBC system faces significant challenges. Here, an internal phase-sensing technique was utilized to generate the high-power OAM beam, which effectively mitigated thermal effects and eliminated the need for large optical devices. An OPA with six elements was employed for experimental demonstration. The first effective generation of over 1.5 kW mode-programmable OAM beam in a continuous-wave domain was presented. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the generated OAM beam could be modulated with multiple dimensions. The topological charge can be switched in real time from -1 to -2. Notably, this OAM beam emitter could function as an OAM beam copier by easily transforming a single OAM beam into an OAM beam array. More importantly, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on power scaling, mode switching speed, and expansion of OAM modes. Additionally, the system’s compact design enabled it to function as a packageable OAM beam emitter. Owing to the advantages of having high power and programmable modes with multiple dimension modulation in phase structures and intensity distribution, this work can pave the way for producing high-power structured light beams and advancing their applications.

基于宏观反射式傅里叶叠层成像理论，提出一种主动相干光学合成孔径超分辨成像空间目标探测系统。采用主动相干光源配合单个小孔径相机，采集目标低分辨图像序列，通过傅里叶叠层拼接算法重构接近等效合成孔径倍率的超分辨图像。给出了系统的总体方案和详细设计，并通过搭建的宏观反射式近红外主动相干光学合成孔径超分辨成像地面实验装置验证了系统的超分辨成像能力。该系统有望通过小孔径实现等效合成孔径全天时高分辨成像效果，大幅缩减载荷口径需求。弥补传统空间目标探测系统夜间成像能力的不足，提升空间目标夜间探测能力。

光学相控阵技术具有响应速度快、系统紧凑、功能多样和控制灵活等优点，在众多科学技术领域得到了广泛的应用。在近50年来的光学相控阵研究与应用中，涌现出了众多卓越的成果。为了对光学相控阵领域的发展进行梳理，简要回顾了光学相控阵技术的历史，并论述了光学相控阵技术的基本原理。从光束发射与接收等不同应用场景的角度，结合笔者的思考，深入介绍了光学相控阵在高品质的光源技术、激光相干合成技术、光束扫描技术、大气链路畸变控制技术以及合成孔径探测与成像技术多个领域的发展现状，并最后对光学相控阵技术的瓶颈与未来的发展研究趋势进行了评述。

介绍了光学相控阵激光雷达天线技术研究的国内外现状，阐述了其基本原理和系统组成，并对级联式的硅基光学相控阵激光雷达天线技术方案进行了分析，在此基础上开展了高密度低串扰波导阵列技术和层叠光学相控阵技术等关键技术攻关，获取了激光雷达系统的关键技术参数，并进一步阐述了需解决的技术问题，最后对该体制激光雷达的应用进行了展望。