采用基因工程技术构建绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)报告基因质粒，有利于活细胞成像、蛋白质印迹(WB)、细胞流式分析及活细胞示踪等，从而对抗肿瘤药物进行筛选。利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增NF-κB基因的启动子序列以及GFP基因片段，将其克隆到pGL6-Enhancer载体中，通过菌落PCR检测、酶切鉴定和测序证明了质粒构建成功。然后，将构建的质粒转染到HEK-293T细胞中，根据活细胞荧光成像、WB及流式细胞分析验证，构建的报告基因质粒在细胞内可正常表达。选择抗肿瘤药物雷帕霉素、紫杉醇、吉西他滨，以及本实验室正在研究开发的多肽类抗肿瘤药物M1-20、M1-21验证报告基因体系试验，发现构建的报告基因质粒可以响应药物对细胞的影响。该药物筛选平台的建立为研究抗肿瘤药物对供试细胞的影响提供了良好的试验技术体系，同时，也为构建活细胞示踪体系提供了材料。

Noninvasive molecular imaging makes the observation and comprehensive understanding of complex biological processes possible. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a fast evolving hybrid imaging technology enabling in vivo imaging with high sensitivity and spatial resolution in deep tissue. Among the various probes developed for PAI, genetically encoded reporters attracted increasing attention of researchers, which provide improved performance by acquiring images of a PAI reporter gene's expression driven by disease-specific enhancers/promoters. Here, we present a brief overview of recent studies about the existing photoacoustic reporter genes (RGs) for noninvasive molecular imaging, such as the pigment enzyme reporters, fluorescent proteins and chromoproteins, photoswitchable proteins, including their properties and potential applications in theranostics. Furthermore, the challenges that PAI RGs face when applied to the clinical studies are also examined.