1 蠡县医院神经内科，河北保定 071400
2 河北大学附属医院神经内科，河北 保定 071000
目的:探讨血管内激光照射治疗(ILIB)对脑卒中后亚急性期交叉性小脑神经机能联系不能(crossed cerebellar diaschisis，CCD)的临床疗效。方法:2019年6月-2021年12月，筛选我院发生急性中风并接受脑SPECT的48名患者作为研究对象，按照脑卒中偏侧性、性别、梗塞等因素匹配为ILIB治疗组(n=24)和常规治疗组(n=24)。使用99mTc-六甲基丙胺肟(99mTc-HMPAO)进行脑SPECT以检测CCD。通过简易精神状态检查(MMSE)、功能性行走类别(FAC)和修正的Barthel指数(MBI)在2个时间点评估功能结果。分析功能恢复以揭示初始和后续评估之间每个临床评分(MMSE、FAC、MBI)的功能增益。结果:根据独立t检验，常规治疗组在初始评估时的MMSE、FAC、MBI评分与ILIB治疗组相比无显著差异(P值分别为0.122、0.106、0.125)；后继评价中，常规治疗组在初始评估时的MMSE、FAC、MBI评分与ILIB治疗组相比亦无显著差异(P值分别为0.123、0.091和0.136)。常规治疗组的FAC恢复更差(P=0.001)，常规治疗组的MMSE和MBI平均功能恢复低于ILIB治疗组，但两组MMSE和MBI恢复的差异无统计学意义(P值分别为0.032和0.036)。结论:血管内激光照射治疗可改善CCD并有利于功能恢复，ILIB对脑卒中后亚急性期CCD具有较好的临床疗效。
血管内激光照射治疗 脑卒中后亚急性期 交叉性小脑神经机能联系不能 intravascular laser irradiation therapy subacute period after stroke crossed cerebellar nerve block
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China
2 Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
3 School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China
Hemiplegia after stroke has become a major cause of the world’s high disabilities, and it is vital to enhance our understanding of post-stroke neuroplasticity to develop efficient rehabilitation programs. This study aimed to explore the brain activation and network reorganization of the motor cortex (MC) with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The MC hemodynamic signals were gained from 22 stroke patients and 14 healthy subjects during a shoulder-touching task with the right hand. The MC activation pattern and network attributes analyzed with the graph theory were compared between the two groups. The results revealed that healthy controls presented dominant activation in the left MC while stroke patients exhibited dominant activation in the bilateral hemispheres MC. The MC networks for the two groups had small-world properties. Compared with healthy controls, patients had higher transitivity and lower global efficiency (GE), mean connectivity, and long connections (LCs) in the left MC. In addition, both MC activation and network attributes were correlated with patient’s upper limb motor function. The results showed the stronger compensation of the unaffected motor area, the better recovery of the upper limb motor function for patients. Moreover, the MC network possessed high clustering and relatively sparse inter-regional connections during recovery for patients. Our results promote the understanding of MC reorganization during recovery and indicate that MC activation and network could provide clinical assessment significance in stroke patients. Given the advantages of fNIRS, it shows great application potential in the assessment and rehabilitation of motor function after stroke.
Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2023, 16(6): 2340003
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Ischemic stroke causes long-term disability and results in motor impairments. Such impairments are associated with structural changes in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), including detailed morphology and three-dimensional (3D) distribution. However, previous studies only explored morphological changes of individual NMJs after stroke, which limits the understanding of their role in post-stroke motor impairment. Here, we examine 3D distributions and detailed morphology of NMJs in entire mouse muscles after unilateral and bilateral strokes induced by photothrombosis. The results show that 3D distributions and numbers of NMJs do not change after stroke, and severe unilateral stroke causes similar levels of NMJ fragmentation and area enlargement to bilateral stroke. This research provides structural data, deepening the understanding of neuromuscular pathophysiology after stroke.
tissue optical clearing optical imaging stroke neuromuscular junction Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(12): 120061
1 南京理工大学 电子工程与光电技术学院,南京 210014
2 湖北器长光电股份有限公司,大冶 435106
3 黄石市中医医院 心脑脾胃病科,黄石 435002
4 大冶市还地桥中心卫生院 外科,大冶 435112
鼻唇沟特征的异常变化是脑卒中面诊的重要依据。为了量化表征鼻唇沟特征,解决传统中医面诊时难以发现精细特征变化和信息交流困难的问题,采用了偏振参数非直观光学成像（PIMI）方法,利用非直观成像的斯托克斯S1参量图谱,取得了不同年龄的健康人员和脑卒中患者病中、预后的鼻唇沟对称性量化表征数据。结果表明,健康人员鼻唇沟S1图谱特征具有较好的对称性,鼻肌横部区与上唇提肌区的左右峰值均较为接近; 脑卒中患者患病期鼻唇沟的S1图谱明显不对称,左右峰值大多相差20以上,预后状态鼻唇沟S1图谱特征更接近健康人群。该方法有望应用于脑卒中疾病的病情评估及疗效评价,促进中医数字化的发展。
成像系统 鼻唇沟量化表征 偏振参数非直观光学成像 光学状态参数 脑卒中 中医数字化 imaging system quantitative characterization of nasolabial sulcus polarization parametric indirect mocroscopic imagi optical state parameters stroke medical digitalization
光学 精密工程
2023, 31(18): 2675
安徽大学电气工程与自动化学院，安徽 合肥 230601
为解决直线电机动子位置测量中多帧图像位移叠加而产生的误差累积问题，提出一种加阈值变换基准图（TTBM）的机器视觉累积误差消减算法。首先，根据直线电机动子的一维刚体平动特点，生成并优选灰度变化更加平滑的一维散斑图像作为目标拍摄图。其次，采用相位相关算法（PCA）改进灰度梯度方法，对配准图像进行整像素平移后再计算亚像素位移，以增大基准图像与配准图像之间的位移测量范围。最后，提出自调整基准图方法，根据图像位移的测量范围设定基准图像变换阈值，降低位移叠加次数，减小累积误差，实现直线电机长行程精密位移测量。同时，研究了基准图像变换阈值对测量精度的影响，给出了基准图变换的最佳阈值选取范围。仿真和实验表明，所提方法可以有效地减小直线电机动子测量中叠加而产生的累积误差。
直线电机 精密位移测量 阈值设置 变基准图 光学学报
2023, 43(11): 1112006
陆军工程大学 电磁环境效应与光电工程国家级重点实验室，南京 210007
回击通道的光学观测对于研究回击发展过程和物理机制、完善工程回击模型都具有重要的意义。采用雷电发展过程高速光学观测系统（LiPOS）测量了人工引雷中距离通道底部21 m至309 m的一组通道发光波形，基于系统辨识的输出误差（OE）模型建立了回击向上传播过程光辐射脉冲间的传递函数，获得了1 kHz～1 MHz频段内群速度和相速度曲线。时域分析表明，通道辐射光脉冲波形前沿上升时间由靠近底部的1.1 μs变化为309 m高度处的1.84 μs，色散特性是其变化的重要原因。频域分析表明，OE模型能够有效抑制测量噪声的影响、获得清晰的分析曲线，100 kHz以下低频段内群速度呈显著的非单调变化，500 kHz以上区域群速度稳定在58%光速左右。将分析结果与相关文献的研究进行了对比和讨论。研究结果对于定量评价回击电流传播色散特性具有重要参考价值。
雷电 回击速度 色散 光学观测 传递函数 lightning return stroke velocity dispersion optical observation transfer function 强激光与粒子束
2022, 34(11): 113002
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
2 Department of Electronic Information School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan University, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
3 Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
4 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Material Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
5 School of Mathematics and Big Data Foshan University Foshan 528000, P. R. China
Stroke is caused by an acute focal disruption of the vasculature in the central nervous system. Neurological-related functional deficits are the most devastating consequences for stroke survivors. Neural signals from stroke patients can reflect the functional statuses of patients and provide insights into the neuronal recovery mechanism for functioning, which could be used as the basis for designing optimal treatment strategies. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a low-cost, noninvasive, easily operated neuroimage method and it is compatible with various rehabilitative programs. These advantages make NIRS an excellent candidate in research for stroke recovery. Here, we focused on the brain functions and recovery for stroke patients at stable status, conducted a systematic literature review about NIRS applications in stroke since 2000 and identified a total of 72 references through ScienceDirect and PubMed database retrieval. The NIRS studies in stroke include resting-state function and its recovery, motor function and its recovery, motor and cognition interference, cognitive function and its recovery, language function and its recovery, emotional function and its recovery and other applications. Based on the results of the quality assessment, we identified some study gaps from the previous research and provided suggestions for some methodological improvement in the future. The trend of NIRS gives a boost to its application in stroke, and the potential research directions for NIRS in stroke are prospected, including multi-center clinical research, treatment efficacy prediction research and brain– muscle coupling research. Finally, limitations of NIRS are discussed.
Near-infrared spectroscopy stroke function deficits recovery Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2021, 14(6): 2130006
1 兰州理工大学理学院物理系, 甘肃 兰州 730050
2 西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
3 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 江苏 南京 210044
4 山西师范大学物理与信息工程学院, 山西 临汾 041004
闪电回击通道核心中的大电流及其强电磁辐射是引发多种雷电灾害的主要根源。 随着现代科技的飞速发展, 闪电防护工作显得越为重要。 为了完善闪电防护系统, 需要从描述闪电回击通道核心的特征参数入手深入研究闪电通道形成和发展过程的微观物理机制。 截至目前, 光谱观测是获取闪电通道核心特征参数的最佳手段。 2015年夏天在青海高原地区的野外试验中, 利用由高速摄像机作为记录系统组装的无狭缝光栅摄谱仪, 结合快天线地面电场测量仪, 记录到一次包括四个回击的云地闪电放电过程的光谱以及与之同步的快电场变化信息。 依据光谱, 结合等离子体理论计算得到闪电回击通道核心的电导率。 在此基础上, 应用闪电电动力学模型计算了闪电回击速度、 峰值电流、 贯穿通道核心的电磁场以及通道核心单位长度的峰值功率等特征参数。 结果表明, 回击速度在(1.2~2.3)×108 m·s-1的范围内; 贯穿回击通道核心的轴向电场、 径向电场和磁感应强度的最大值分别在(1.42~1.74)×105 V·m-1, (8.22~9.99)×108 V·m-1和(1.51~2.83) T的范围内。 当闪电回击的峰值电流在(7.52~24.05) kA的范围内时, 回击通道核心的峰值功率在(0.63~1.92)×109 W·m-1的范围内。 另外, 分析了电导率、 起始电场峰值、 回击速度和峰值电流与峰值功率之间的相关性, 结果发现峰值电流和峰值功率具有良好的线性关系。 研究结果可为探索闪电回击通道形成和发展过程的微观物理机制提供参考依据。
闪电光谱 回击通道核心 特征参数 物理机制 Lightning spectrum Return stroke channel core Characteristic parameters Physical mechanism 光谱学与光谱分析
2021, 41(10): 3269
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Control Engineering Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
2 School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110169, P. R. China
Cerebral edema is a severe complication of acute ischemic stroke with high mortality but limited treatment. Although parameters such as brain water content and intracranial pressure may represent the global assessment of edema, optical properties can appear heterogeneously throughout the cerebral tissue relative to the site of injury. In this study, we have monitored the edema formation and progression in both permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion models in rats. Edema was reflected by the decrease of optical attenuation coefficient (OAC) value in OCT system. By utilizing swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), we found that in photochemically induced permanent focal stroke model, both the edema size and edema index, steadily developed until the end of monitor (7 h). Comparatively, when transient ischemia was introduced with endothelin-1 (ET-1), the edema was detected as early as 15 min, and began to recover after 30 min until monitor was finished (3 h). Despite the majority of the edema being recovered to some extent, the condition of a small region within the edema kept deteriorating, presumably due to the reperfusion damage which might result in serious clinical outcomes. Our study has compared the edema characteristics from two different acute ischemic stroke situations. This work not only confirms the capability of OCT to temporal and spatial monitor of edema but is also able to locate focal conditions at some areas that might highly determine the prognosis and treatment decisions.
Swept-source optical coherence tomography ischemic stroke cerebral edema optical attenuation coefficient middle cerebral artery occlusion Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
2021, 14(1): 2140006
