为解决自动化生产线实训线下课程实验硬件套数不足、实验时长和场地受限等问题，提升教学质量，设计了一种基于PLCSIM Advanced和Simulink的自动化生产线仿真实训平台。该仿真平台以实训设备为依托，使用Simulink搭建被控对象仿真模型，在PLCSIM Advanced仿真控制器中编写控制算法，通过应用程序接口（application programming interface，API）通信实现对象模型与控制器间数据的实时交换和仿真。以纸张张力控制设备为例，介绍了仿真实训平台搭建和实施过程。实践教学表明，该仿真平台提高了自动化生产线实训课程的教学成效，激发了学生实践学习的兴趣，提升了学生发现、解决复杂工程问题的能力，让学生深刻体会到团队合作和有效沟通的重要性。

With the rapid development of machine learning, the demand for high-efficient computing becomes more and more urgent. To break the bottleneck of the traditional Von Neumann architecture, computing-in-memory (CIM) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this work, to provide a feasible CIM solution for the large-scale neural networks (NN) requiring continuous weight updating in online training, a flash-based computing-in-memory with high endurance (10⁹ cycles) and ultra-fast programming speed is investigated. On the one hand, the proposed programming scheme of channel hot electron injection (CHEI) and hot hole injection (HHI) demonstrate high linearity, symmetric potentiation, and a depression process, which help to improve the training speed and accuracy. On the other hand, the low-damage programming scheme and memory window (MW) optimizations can suppress cell degradation effectively with improved computing accuracy. Even after 10⁹ cycles, the leakage current (I_off) of cells remains sub-10pA, ensuring the large-scale computing ability of memory. Further characterizations are done on read disturb to demonstrate its robust reliabilities. By processing CIFAR-10 tasks, it is evident that ~90% accuracy can be achieved after 10⁹ cycles in both ResNet50 and VGG16 NN. Our results suggest that flash-based CIM has great potential to overcome the limitations of traditional Von Neumann architectures and enable high-performance NN online training, which pave the way for further development of artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators.

The recent achievement of fusion ignition with laser-driven technologies at the National Ignition Facility sets a historic accomplishment in fusion energy research. This accomplishment paves the way for using laser inertial fusion as a viable approach for future energy production. Europe has a unique opportunity to empower research in this field internationally, and the scientific community is eager to engage in this journey. We propose establishing a European programme on inertial-fusion energy with the mission to demonstrate laser-driven ignition in the direct-drive scheme and to develop pathway technologies for the commercial fusion reactor. The proposed roadmap is based on four complementary axes: (i) the physics of laser–plasma interaction and burning plasmas; (ii) high-energy high repetition rate laser technology; (iii) fusion reactor technology and materials; and (iv) reinforcement of the laser fusion community by international education and training programmes. We foresee collaboration with universities, research centres and industry and establishing joint activities with the private sector involved in laser fusion. This project aims to stimulate a broad range of high-profile industrial developments in laser, plasma and radiation technologies along with the expected high-level socio-economic impact.

随着现代高校“双一流”建设的逐步深入，大型仪器共享平台的广泛、灵活应用将成为科研工作的一大助力，而仪器使用培训则是大型仪器共享平台可持续发展的重要基础。在信息化教学快速发展的背景下，依托智慧教学工具“雨课堂”创建仪器“线上课堂”培训新模式，可弥补大型仪器现有培训模式的不足。以总有机碳分析仪为例，探究如何创建大型仪器使用培训新模式，并详细诠释了新型培训模式对培训与学习过程产生的改变。经验证，建立大型仪器培训新模式既能提高仪器的运作效率，又能培养学生的综合创新能力，还能服务于“双一流”高校的高水平学科建设与人才培养。