为研究透射式GaAs光电阴极在不同波长入射光环境下的图像分辨能力，提出了一种基于散射传递函数的AlGaAs窗口层界面散射理论模型。制作了透射式GaAs光电阴极，利用不同波长入射光散射传递函数和点扩散函数变化，基于有参峰信噪比拟合对AlGaAs窗口层界面散射引起的入射光学图像退化程度进行了定量分析。结果表明，在相同的粗糙度下随着入射光波长的增加，入射光学图像的能量损失越小，成像质量越高，而三代微光像增强器不同波长入射光测试条件下极限分辨力变化趋势与仿真计算结果一致，可为后续提高透射式GaAs光电阴极分辨力提供了技术支撑。

微位移工作台是实现高精度定位的关键部件，传统的工作台自由度少且分辨力不高，不能满足应用需求，因此提出一种六自由度高精度微位移工作台结构方案并验证了其性能。在整体结构上采用“串并联混合驱动”的方式和中空结构，将六个自由度的运动合理地分布在平动层，转动层和支撑层三层结构中，并设计开发了工作台的运动控制系统以及一套可搭配使用的运动控制软件。实验结果表明，X，Y，Z轴线位移分别优于20，20和37 μm，角位移行程分别优于39″，33″和27″；线位移分辨力均优于0.7 nm，角位移分辨力均优于0.1″。所提出的六自由度微位移工作台相比于传统工作台具有自由度多、极高分辨力等优点，有望在超精密加工，微电子制造等领域中获得广泛的应用。

Overview: Femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization (TPP) micro-nanofabrication technology is a new type of three-dimensional lithography technology that integrates nonlinear optics, ultra-fast pulsed laser, microscopic imaging, ultra-high-precision positioning, three-dimensional (3D) graphics CAD modeling, and photochemical materials. It has the characteristics of simplicity, low cost, high resolution, true 3D, and so on. Different from the technical route of shortening the wavelength of the traditional lithography, this TPP technology breaks through the optical diffraction limit using the ultrafast laser in the near-infrared and the nonlinear optical effect of the interaction between the laser and the material. TPP can achieve true 3D fabrication of complex 3D structures. After the femtosecond pulse laser is tightly focused in space, photopolymerization is initiated by the two-photon absorption(TPA), which can limit the fabrication area in the center of the focus. The interaction time of the ultrashort pulse with the material is much lower than the thermal relaxation of the material, avoiding the photothermal effect. The lateral linewidth can be reduced to about 100 nm due to the strong threshold characteristics of the two-photon absorption process. Thus, TPP is an ideal fabrication method in the field of 3D micro-nanostructure. Since 2001, Kawata’s team has used a near-infrared femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 780 nm to fabricate a "nanobull" with the size of red blood cells. It fully demonstrated the advantages of TPP in the preparation of three-dimensional micro-nano structures. At the same time, a polymer nanodot with a size of 120 nm was fabricated, which was only 1/7 of the laser wavelength, breaking the optical diffraction limit in this study. Since then, scientists from various countries have improved the line width, resolution, and other parameters of 3D structure by continuously improving the materials, structure, processing technology and light field control, and other aspects. At the same time, with the continuous development and improvement of the 3D nanostructure fabrication technology, the advantages of TPP technology are also reflected in some application fields, such as micro-optical devices, integrated optical devices, micro-electromechanical systems, and biomedical devices. This paper will systematically introduce the femtosecond laser TPP micro-nanofabrication technology, including the fabricating principle, the development of fabricating methods, and its research overview in many application fields. Finally, its existing problems and future development and application prospects are discussed.