提出了一种谐振腔振荡式单次脉冲信噪比测量技术，通过精确设置谐振腔长度、两谐振腔之间的光程差、高反镜的反射或透射率，可简便地实现信噪比测量中高动态范围、大时间窗口和高时间分辨率三个关键指标。同时，采用全口径光束测量，保证了测量信号的高保真度。从理论上分析了谐振腔结构的各种功能和稳定性，以及色散引起的误差影响，在谐振腔中引入楔形高反镜，避免了次脉冲噪声的产生。理论上，该种结构可以实现1010，甚至更高信噪比的测量，而且能达到百飞秒的高时间分辨率。

A measurement technique of signal noise ratio based on resonator oscillation for single-shot pulse is proposed. Through precise setting of the resonant cavity length, optical path difference between two resonant cavities, and the reflectivity or transmittance of the high reflectivity mirror, the three key indicators of high dynamic range, large time window and high temporal resolution are easily realized. Meanwhile, high fidelity of measurement signal is guaranteed using full aperture beam measurement. Theoretically, various kinds of function and stability of the resonator structure are analyzed. Influence of errors introduced by dispersion on results are also analyzed. High reflectivity mirrors with wedge-shape are introduced in the resonator cavity to avoid the noise of minor pulses. In theory, the measurement of high signal noise ratio (1010) ,even higher signal noise ratio, and high temporal resolution of hundred femtosecond can be realized in this construction.

皮秒参数测量系统用于提供皮秒拍瓦激光系统的各项状态参数，协助激光系统达到预期的技术指标。针对皮秒拍瓦激光系统的技术指标，皮秒参数测量系统将提供压缩脉冲的能量、脉宽、远场、信噪比等参数。为了判断参数测量系统的工作性能，采用均方根(RMS)误差来描述测量系统的可靠性。经过实验测试，能量测量单元的测量范围为10~1000 J，标定实验数据的RMS误差为2.2%。脉宽测量单元的时间测量范围为0.5~18.0 ps，时间分辨率为0.07 ps，测试数据的RMS误差为3%。远场测量单元的空间测量范围为150倍衍射极限(DL)，空间分辨率为0.3倍DL，测试数据的RMS误差为0.15%。信噪比测量单元的时间测量范围为30 ps，时间分辨率为0.3 ps，动态范围为106。基于拍瓦实验提供的测试数据表明，皮秒参数测量系统能够稳定可靠地提供以上参数的实时测试数据，实现拍瓦装置的运行状态诊断功能。

为了实现皮秒拍瓦激光的精密测试，研制了专用的皮秒自相关仪。选用无色散元件，提高了测量结果的可靠性。采用自标定方法标定时间分辨率，用超限法标定时间测量范围，用极值法标定脉冲响应特性。实验结果表明，皮秒自相关仪的时间分辨率为0.1 ps/pixel，时间测量范围为26 ps，脉冲响应特性的值为300 fs。该皮秒自相关仪能够满足皮秒啁啾脉冲的时间宽度精密测试要求。