上海超强超短激光实验装置(SULF)是上海建设具有全球影响力的科创中心、打造世界级重大科技基础设施集群的首批重大项目之一。结合国内外超强超短激光研究现状和趋势, 简单介绍了SULF的研制背景、建设现状和未来主要应用和发展方向。

It is important in fast ignition (FI) to drill a channel in the coronal plasma by a long intense pulse firstly, since we expect the following ultra-intense pulse will reach more easily the dense core to obtain the fuel burning. An experimental design to study the plasma channeling was presented at two beams laser sub-picosecond (SPS) Facility of National Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics. One beam with 1.053 μm and 350 ps full width at half maximum (FWHM) was used to form the pre-plasma. And then, a most part of another one with the same wavelength and 1 ps FWHM was focused on the plasma for channeling. The rest part of the 1 ps laser beam, frequency quadrupled to λ=0.263 μm, was as a probe used in Normaski polarization interferometry to diagnosis the electron density distribution of the channel.

利用一束激光产生等离子体通道，进而使点火激光能顺利到达高密度区是快点火理论中实现点火的一个重要过程。提出了一种利用神光Ⅱ的二路装置产生通道的设计。该设计将其中一路长脉冲激光(350 ps，1.053 μm)辐照靶箔产生等离子体，用另一路短脉冲激光(1 ps，1.053 μm)在上述预等离子体中打通道，并将后者的一部分激光经分离和四倍频(0.263 μm)后作探针光，采用Normaski型偏振干涉系统对通道等离子体电子密度分布进行干涉诊断测量的实验研究设计。

提出了极短脉冲超强激光(相对论性)与原子相互作用中的有质动力电离模型的新概念,并给出数值模拟结果.基于该电离机制,可以产生处于极端非平衡态的等离子体.

总结了类高斯分布光束的M2因子在实验测量中的数据处理方法，介绍在5.4TW/46fs激光系统中测量M2的实验设置以及改善该系统光束质量的措施，报道了测量结果并分析了该装置的性能。