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Imaging Systems
Naked-eye ghost imaging via photoelectric feedback
Download:756次
Gao Wang
1
Huaibin Zheng
1,2,*
Zhiguo Tang
1
Yuchen He
1,2
[ ... ]
Zhuo Xu
1,2
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2
Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
3
Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Ministry of Education, Department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
A new architecture, naked-eye ghost imaging via photoelectric feedback, is developed that avoids computer algorithm processing. Instead, the proposed scheme uses a photoelectric feedback loop to first realize the correlation (multiplication) process of the traditional ghost imaging system. Then, the vision persistence effect of the naked eye is exploited to implement the integral process and to generate negative images. Two kinds of feedback circuits, the digital circuit and the analog circuit, are presented that can achieve a feedback operation. Based on this design, high-contrast real-time imaging of moving objects is obtained via a special pattern-scanning architecture on a low-speed light-modulation mask.
ghost imaging
naked-eye
photoelectric feedback
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2020, 18(9): 091101
Imaging Systems
Performance comparison of ghost imaging versus conventional imaging in photon shot noise cases
Download:855次
Zijie Li
1
Qing Zhao
1,*
Wenlin Gong
2,**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Center for Quantum Technology Research, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics and Center for Cold Atom Physics of CAS, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
The performances of ghost imaging and conventional imaging in photon shot noise cases are investigated. We define an imaging signal-to-noise ratio called SNR
tran
where only the object’s transmission region is used to evaluate the imaging quality and it can be applied to ghost imaging (GI) with any random pattern. Both the values
SNR
GI
tran
of GI and
SNR
CI
tran
of conventional imaging in photon shot noise cases are deduced from a simple statistical analysis. The analytical results, which are backed up by numerical simulations, demonstrate that the value
SNR
GI
tran
is related to the ratio between the object’s transmission area
A
o
and the number density of photons illuminating the object plane
I
o
, which is similar to the theoretical results based on the first principle of GI with a Gaussian speckle field deduced by B. I. Erkmen and J. H. Shapiro [in Adv. Opt. Photonics 2, 405–450 (2010)]. In addition, we also show that the value
SNR
CI
tran
will be larger than
SNR
GI
tran
when
A
o
is beyond a threshold value.
ghost imaging
photon shot noise
signal-to-noise ratio
speckle
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2020, 18(7): 071101
Imaging Systems
Double-spherically bent crystal high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of spatially extended sources
Download:783次
Ruirong Wang
1,2,*
Zhiheng Fang
1,2
Honghai An
1,2
Jun Xiong
1,2
[ ... ]
Wei Wang
1,2
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Shanghai 201899, China
2
National Laboratory on High Power Lasers and Physics, Shanghai 201899, China
An aberration-free imaging technique was used to design a double-spherically bent crystal spectrometer with high energy and spatial resolutions to ensure that the individual spectral lines are represented as perfectly straight lines on the detector. After obtaining the matched parameters of the two crystals via geometry-based optimization, an alignment method was employed to allow the spacing between the crystals and the detector to be coupled with the source. The working principle of this spectrum-measuring scheme was evaluated using a Cu X-ray tube. High-quality spectra with energy resolutions (
E
/Δ
E
) of approximately 3577 were obtained for a relatively large source size.
double-spherically bent crystal
aberration-free imaging
X-ray spectra
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2020, 18(6): 061101
Imaging Systems
Sidelobe suppression and axial resolution enhancement in 4pi microscopy with higher-order radially polarized Laguerre–Gaussian beams using subtractive imaging
Download:956次
Zhiyuan Gu
Xianghui Wang
*
Jianxin Wang
Fei Fan
Shengjiang Chang
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Subtractive imaging is used to suppress the axial sidelobes and improve the axial resolution of 4pi microscopy with a higher-order radially polarized (RP) Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beam. A solid-shaped point spread function (PSF) and a doughnut-shaped PSF with a dark spot along the optical axis are generated by tightly focusing a higher-order RP-LG beam and a modulated circularly polarized beam, respectively. By subtracting the two images obtained with those two different PSFs, the axial sidelobes of the subtracted PSF are reduced from 37% to about 10% of the main lobe, and the axial resolution is increased from 0.21
λ
to 0.15
λ
.
110.0180
Microscopy
100.6640
Superresolution
170.0180
Microscopy
180.6900
Three-dimensional microscopy
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(12): 121103
Imaging Systems
Adaptive gradient-based source and mask co-optimization with process awareness
Download:909次
Yijiang Shen
1,*
Fei Peng
1
Xiaoyan Huang
1
Zhenrong Zhang
2
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Mega Education Center South, Guangzhou 510006, China
2
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
We develop a source and mask co-optimization framework incorporating the minimization of edge placement error (EPE) and process variability band (PV Band) into the cost function to compensate simultaneously for the image distortion and the increasingly pronounced lithographic process conditions. Explicit differentiable functions of the EPE and the PV Band are presented, and adaptive gradient methods are applied to break symmetry to escape suboptimal local minima. Dependence on the initial mask conditions is also investigated. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed source and mask optimization approach in pattern fidelity improvement, process robustness enhancement, and almost unaffected performance with random initial masks.
110.5220
Photolithography
100.0100
Image processing
110.1758
Computational imaging
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(12): 121102
Imaging Systems
Piston sensing via a dispersed fringe sensor with a merit-function-based active scanning algorithm at low light levels
Download:945次
Yongfeng Zhang
1,2,3
Hao Xian
1,2,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
2
Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Dispersed fringe sensors are a promising approach for sensing the large-scale physical step between adjacent segments with acceptable accuracy. However, the nature of dispersion in a dispersed fringe sensor leads to the ideal dispersed fringe pattern becoming vulnerable to noise, particularly at low light levels. A reliable merit-function-based algorithm with an active actuation is introduced here. The feasibility of our algorithm is numerically demonstrated, and Monte Carlo experiments for different signal-to-noise ratios are conducted to assess its robustness. The results show that the method is valid even when the signal-to-noise ratio is as low as 1.
110.6770
Telescopes
220.1140
Alignment
220.1080
Active or adoptive optics
130.6010
Sensors
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(12): 121101
Imaging systems
Application of reflectance transformation imaging for the display of handwriting traces
Download:791次
Wei Wei
1,2
Lihua Huang
1,*
Xinran Zhu
1,2
Liqing Ling
1
[ ... ]
Huijie Huang
1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
In our Letter, two kinds of handwriting traces, colored and colorless, are studied by means of reflectance transformation imaging. The illumination direction and rendering mode can be changed alternatively to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional details of the traces that are not recognized easily by naked eyes. Furthermore, an objective evaluation method without reference is applied to evaluate the reconstructed images, which provides a basis for setting the illumination direction and rendering mode. Therefore, the handwriting trace information including the written content, the writing features, and the stroke order features can be obtained objectively and accurately.
110.3010
Image reconstruction techniques
120.6650
Surface measurements, figure
330.1715
Color, rendering and metamerism
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(11): 111101
Imaging systems
Lensless Wiener–Khinchin telescope based on second-order spatial autocorrelation of thermal light
Download:854次
Zhentao Liu
Xia Shen
Honglin Liu
Hong Yu
Shensheng Han
*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
The resolution of a conventional imaging system based on first-order field correlation can be directly obtained from the optical transfer function. However, it is challenging to determine the resolution of an imaging system through random media, including imaging through scattering media and imaging through randomly inhomogeneous media, since the point-to-point correspondence between the object and the image plane in these systems cannot be established by the first-order field correlation anymore. In this Letter, from the perspective of ghost imaging, we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the point-to-point correspondence in these imaging systems can be quantitatively recovered from the second-order correlation of light fields, and the imaging capability, such as resolution, of such imaging schemes can thus be derived by analyzing second-order autocorrelation of the optical transfer function. Based on this theoretical analysis, we propose a lensless Wiener–Khinchin telescope based on second-order spatial autocorrelation of thermal light, which can acquire the image of an object by a snapshot via using a spatial random phase modulator. As an incoherent imaging approach illuminated by thermal light, the lensless Wiener–Khinchin telescope can be applied in many fields such as X-ray astronomical observations.
110.1758
Computational imaging
110.6150
Speckle imaging
350.1260
Astronomical optics
290.5825
Scattering theory
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(9): 091101
Imaging systems
Compressed ghost edge imaging
Download:739次
Hui Guo
1,2
Ruyong He
1
Chaopeng Wei
1
Zequn Lin
1
[ ... ]
Shengmei Zhao
1,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China
2
College of Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
In this Letter, we propose an advanced framework of ghost edge imaging, named compressed ghost edge imaging (CGEI). In the scheme, a set of structured speckle patterns with pixel shifting illuminate on an unknown object. The output is collected by a bucket detector without any spatial resolution. By using a compressed sensing algorithm, we obtain horizontal and vertical edge information of the unknown object with the bucket detector detection results and the known structured speckle patterns. The edge is finally constructed via two-dimensional edge information. The experimental and numerical simulations results show that the proposed scheme has a higher quality and reduces the number of measurements, in comparison with the existing edge detection schemes based on ghost imaging.
110.1650
Coherence imaging
110.1758
Computational imaging
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(7): 071101
Imaging systems
Telescope alignment based on the sharpness function of under-sampled images
Download:881次
Min Li
1,2,3
Xin Liu
2
Ang Zhang
1,2,*
Hao Xian
1,2,**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Key Laboratory of Adaptive Optics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
2
Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
The precise alignment of a high-performance telescope is a key factor to ensure the imaging quality. However, for telescopes with a wide field of view, the images are sometimes under-sampled. To study the effects of under-sampled images on the precision of telescope alignment, numerical simulations are implemented with the stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm. The results show that the alignment program can converge stably and quickly. However, with the reduction of the full width at half-maximum of images, the relative residual errors increase from 9.5% to 19.5%, and the wavefront errors raise from 0.0972
λ
to 0.1074
λ
, indicating that the accuracy of the alignment decreases.
110.6770
Telescopes
120.4820
Optical systems
220.1140
Alignment
220.1080
Active or adoptive optics
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(6): 061101
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