斜齿面激光熔覆的开裂倾向分析及控制研究

针对斜齿轮轴齿面激光熔覆层的开裂问题，采用数值计算的方法对其开裂倾向进行了分析，分析结果表明：齿根部位产生了较大的温度梯度，而齿面熔覆层内呈明显的拉应力状态，且主要集中在齿根部位，齿根部位的熔覆层将成为开裂的薄弱部位；裂纹发展的趋势将由齿根部位萌生，然后向其表面扩展然后向齿顶方向延伸。在双向扫描工艺条件下，轮齿内部的温度分布更加均匀，而熔覆层内拉应力水平明显降低，并在一定程度上减轻了齿根部位的应力集中问题，有利于控制熔覆层的开裂倾向。采用两种扫描方法和熔覆参数进行组合，对斜齿轮齿面进行了熔覆试验,试验结果表明：双向扫描工艺对于齿面熔覆层开裂具有一定的抑制作用，并最终获得了适合齿面熔覆的工艺和参数。

Abstract

Numerical method is adopted to analysis the tendency of cracking layer during the laser cladding on tooth surface of helical gear. The results show that a high temperature gradient generates in the cladding layer and mostly concentrates in the tooth root. It turns to be a tensile stress, so the cracks will be easily in tooth root. Cracks will generate in tooth root and extend to the outside surface along the direction of perpendicular to scanning direction. Double scanning technology is put forward to solve this problem. Calculation results show that the tensile stress in cladding layer is significantly decreased using this technology and the area that stress concentrated inside clad coating can also be reduced. Therefore, the distribution of stress field inside clad coating can be improved radically, and it is quite beneficial for cracking controlling. Teeth surfaces are clad by different scanning methods and laser parameters in experiment. The results show that double scanning technology is benefit for controlling the cracking of cladding layer on tooth surface, and reliable parameters fit for laser cladding on tooth surface of helical gear are verified according to the results.

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斜齿面激光熔覆的开裂倾向分析及控制研究

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