光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射

王泽锋; 黄威; 李智贤; 周智越; 崔宇龙; 李昊

doi:doi:10.3788/CJL202148.0401008

中国激光, 2021, 48 (4): 0401008, 网络出版: 2021-01-15

光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射下载： 1812次

Progress and Prospects of Fiber Gas Laser Sources (Ⅰ) :Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering

王泽锋 ^1,2,3,*黄威 ^1,2李智贤 ^1,2周智越 ^1,2崔宇龙 ^1,2李昊 ^1,3

作者单位

¹ 国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院, 湖南长沙 410073

² 脉冲功率激光技术国家重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410073

³ 高能激光技术湖南省重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410073

图 & 表

图 1. 氢分子受激拉曼散射过程中的能级跃迁图

Fig. 1. Energy level transition diagram of hydrogen molecule during stimulated Raman scattering

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图 2. 光纤气体拉曼激光光源典型实验结构示意图

Fig. 2. Schematic of typical experimental setup of fiber gas Raman laser source

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图 3. 带隙型空芯光纤SEM图。(a)第一根PBG-HCF^[6];(b)低损耗PBG-HCF^[11];(c)宽带PBG-HCF^[16]

Fig. 3. SEM images of PBG-HCFs. (a) First PBG-HCF^[6]; (b) low loss PBG-HCF^[11]; (c) broadband PBG-HCF^[16]

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图 4. 反共振空芯光纤SEM图。(a) Kagome型空芯光纤^[18];(b)有节点转轮型空芯光纤^[19];(c)冰激凌型空芯光纤^[20]; (d)无节点转轮型空芯光纤^[21];(e)空芯连体光纤^[22];(f)嵌套型空芯光纤^[23]

Fig. 4. SEM images of AR-HCFs. (a) Kagome HCF^[18]; (b) revolver type HCF with nodes^[19]; (c) ice-cream type HCF^[20]; (d) nodeless revolver type HCF^[21]; (e) conjoined-tube HCF^[22]; (f) nested HCF^[23]

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图 5. 空芯光纤内氢气的振动受激拉曼散射实验^[7]。(a)系统结构;(b)输出光谱

Fig. 5. Experiment of vibrational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[7]. (a)System structure;(b)output spectra

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图 6. 空芯光纤中氢气的转动受激拉曼散射实验结构^[26]。(a)单程结构;(b)谐振腔结构

Fig. 6. Experimental structures of rotational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[26]. (a) Single-pass structure; (b) resonant cavity structure

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图 7. 种子注入下的光纤氢气拉曼激光光源示意图^[34]

Fig. 7. Schematic of fiber hydrogen Raman laser source under seed injection^[34]

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图 8. 级联结构的光纤甲烷拉曼激光光源示意图^[54]

Fig. 8. Schematic of cascaded fiber methane Raman laser source^[54]

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表 1常用气体的Raman频移系数以及一阶Stokes波长

Table1. Raman frequency shifts of common gases and their first-order Stokes wavelengths

Gain gas	Raman frequency shift /cm^-1	Stokes wavelength pumpdat 1064nm /nm	Stokes wavelength pumpdat 1550nm /nm
H₂	4155	1907	4354
	587	1135	1705
	354	1106	1640
D₂	2987	1560	2886
	415	1113	1657
	297	1098	1625
	179	1084	1594
CH₄	2917	1543	2829
C₂H₆	2954	1552	2859
CO₂	1389	1249	1975
CF₄	908	1178	1804
SF₆	775	1160	1762

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表 2光纤气体拉曼激光光源的发展情况

Table2. Progress of fiber gas Raman laser sources

Reference	Pumpwavelength	Ramanwavelength	Gas	Raman power(fiber length)	Conversion efficiency
[7]	532nm	683nm	H₂		30%(power conversion efficiency)
[26]	1064nm	1135nm	H₂		50%(quantum efficiency)
[27]	1064nm	1135nm	H₂		92%(quantum efficiency)
[30]	1064nm	1135nm	H₂	55W(30m)	>70%(power conversion efficiency)
[31]	1064nm	1907nm	H₂	10mW(6.5m)	48%(quantum efficiency)
[32]	1064nm	1907nm	H₂	330mW(2.25m)	60%(quantum efficiency)
[33]	1064nm	1907nm	H₂		40%(quantum efficiency)
[34]	1064nm	1908nm	H₂	74.2mW(1.4m)	73.5%(quantum efficiency)
[35]	1064nm	1907nm	H₂	55mW(1.4m)	54%(quantum efficiency)
[36]	1064nm	1908nm	H₂	570mW(2m)	51.1%(quantum efficiency)
[37]	1μm	1.8μm	H₂	9.3W(1m)	41%(power conversion efficiency)
[38]	1550nm	1705nm	H₂	0.5W(3m)	32%(power conversion efficiency)
[39]	1535--1565nm	1687--1723nm	H₂	0.8W(20m)	60%(power conversion efficiency)
[40]	1558nm	4.4μm	H₂	30mW(15m)	15%(quantum efficiency)
[41]	1558nm	4.42μm	H₂	250mW(3.5m)	36%(quantum efficiency)
[42-43]	1558nm	4.42μm	H₂	1.4W(3.2m)	53%(quantum efficiency)
[46]	1558nm	2.9μm	H₂/D₂	0.25kW(11m)	10%(quantum efficiency)
[47]	1064nm	1561nm	D₂	27mW(2.2m)	30%(power conversion efficiency)
[47]	1561nm	2865nm	CH₄	8.5mW(2m)	42%(power conversion efficiency)
[48]	1535--1565nm	1640--1674nm	D₂	0.8W(20m)	60%(power conversion efficiency)
[50]	1064nm	1553nm	C₂H₆	24.6mW(6m)	38%(power conversion efficiency)
[52]	1064nm	1544nm	CH₄	43mW(2m)	96.3%(quantum efficiency)
[53]	1064nm	1544nm	CH₄	0.83W(3.2m)	45%(power conversion efficiency)
[54]	1064nm	2809nm	CH₄	13.8mW	65%(quantum efficiency)
[55]	1064nm	2812nm	CH₄	113mW	40%(quantum efficiency)
[57]	1540--1560nm	2796--2863nm	CH₄	34mW(14.2m)
[58]	1064nm	1248nm	CO₂	5mW(3m)	37%(power conversion efficiency)
[59]	1030nm	1119nm	SF₆		55.7%(power conversion efficiency)
[59]	1030nm	1136nm	CF₄		45.4%(power conversion efficiency)

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王泽锋, 黄威, 李智贤, 周智越, 崔宇龙, 李昊. 光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射[J]. 中国激光, 2021, 48(4): 0401008. Zefeng Wang, Wei Huang, Zhixian Li, Zhiyue Zhou, Yulong Cui, Hao Li. Progress and Prospects of Fiber Gas Laser Sources (Ⅰ) :Based on Stimulated Raman Scattering[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2021, 48(4): 0401008.

光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射下载： 1812次

图 1. 氢分子受激拉曼散射过程中的能级跃迁图

Fig. 1. Energy level transition diagram of hydrogen molecule during stimulated Raman scattering

图 2. 光纤气体拉曼激光光源典型实验结构示意图

Fig. 2. Schematic of typical experimental setup of fiber gas Raman laser source

图 3. 带隙型空芯光纤SEM图。(a)第一根PBG-HCF^[6];(b)低损耗PBG-HCF^[11];(c)宽带PBG-HCF^[16]

Fig. 3. SEM images of PBG-HCFs. (a) First PBG-HCF^[6]; (b) low loss PBG-HCF^[11]; (c) broadband PBG-HCF^[16]

图 4. 反共振空芯光纤SEM图。(a) Kagome型空芯光纤^[18];(b)有节点转轮型空芯光纤^[19];(c)冰激凌型空芯光纤^[20]; (d)无节点转轮型空芯光纤^[21];(e)空芯连体光纤^[22];(f)嵌套型空芯光纤^[23]

Fig. 4. SEM images of AR-HCFs. (a) Kagome HCF^[18]; (b) revolver type HCF with nodes^[19]; (c) ice-cream type HCF^[20]; (d) nodeless revolver type HCF^[21]; (e) conjoined-tube HCF^[22]; (f) nested HCF^[23]

图 5. 空芯光纤内氢气的振动受激拉曼散射实验^[7]。(a)系统结构;(b)输出光谱

Fig. 5. Experiment of vibrational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[7]. (a)System structure;(b)output spectra

图 6. 空芯光纤中氢气的转动受激拉曼散射实验结构^[26]。(a)单程结构;(b)谐振腔结构

Fig. 6. Experimental structures of rotational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[26]. (a) Single-pass structure; (b) resonant cavity structure

图 7. 种子注入下的光纤氢气拉曼激光光源示意图^[34]

Fig. 7. Schematic of fiber hydrogen Raman laser source under seed injection^[34]

图 8. 级联结构的光纤甲烷拉曼激光光源示意图^[54]

Fig. 8. Schematic of cascaded fiber methane Raman laser source^[54]

表 1常用气体的Raman频移系数以及一阶Stokes波长

Table1. Raman frequency shifts of common gases and their first-order Stokes wavelengths

表 2光纤气体拉曼激光光源的发展情况

Table2. Progress of fiber gas Raman laser sources

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光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射 下载： 1812次

图 1. 氢分子受激拉曼散射过程中的能级跃迁图

Fig. 1. Energy level transition diagram of hydrogen molecule during stimulated Raman scattering

图 2. 光纤气体拉曼激光光源典型实验结构示意图

Fig. 2. Schematic of typical experimental setup of fiber gas Raman laser source

图 3. 带隙型空芯光纤SEM图。(a)第一根PBG-HCF[6];(b)低损耗PBG-HCF[11];(c)宽带PBG-HCF[16]

Fig. 3. SEM images of PBG-HCFs. (a) First PBG-HCF[6]; (b) low loss PBG-HCF[11]; (c) broadband PBG-HCF[16]

图 4. 反共振空芯光纤SEM图。(a) Kagome型空芯光纤[18];(b)有节点转轮型空芯光纤[19];(c)冰激凌型空芯光纤[20]; (d)无节点转轮型空芯光纤[21];(e)空芯连体光纤[22];(f)嵌套型空芯光纤[23]

Fig. 4. SEM images of AR-HCFs. (a) Kagome HCF[18]; (b) revolver type HCF with nodes[19]; (c) ice-cream type HCF[20]; (d) nodeless revolver type HCF[21]; (e) conjoined-tube HCF[22]; (f) nested HCF[23]

图 5. 空芯光纤内氢气的振动受激拉曼散射实验[7]。(a)系统结构;(b)输出光谱

Fig. 5. Experiment of vibrational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF[7]. (a)System structure;(b)output spectra

图 6. 空芯光纤中氢气的转动受激拉曼散射实验结构[26]。(a)单程结构;(b)谐振腔结构

Fig. 6. Experimental structures of rotational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF[26]. (a) Single-pass structure; (b) resonant cavity structure

图 7. 种子注入下的光纤氢气拉曼激光光源示意图[34]

Fig. 7. Schematic of fiber hydrogen Raman laser source under seed injection[34]

图 8. 级联结构的光纤甲烷拉曼激光光源示意图[54]

Fig. 8. Schematic of cascaded fiber methane Raman laser source[54]

表 1常用气体的Raman频移系数以及一阶Stokes波长

Table1. Raman frequency shifts of common gases and their first-order Stokes wavelengths

表 2光纤气体拉曼激光光源的发展情况

Table2. Progress of fiber gas Raman laser sources

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光纤气体激光光源研究进展及展望(Ⅰ): 基于受激拉曼散射下载： 1812次

图 3. 带隙型空芯光纤SEM图。(a)第一根PBG-HCF^[6];(b)低损耗PBG-HCF^[11];(c)宽带PBG-HCF^[16]

Fig. 3. SEM images of PBG-HCFs. (a) First PBG-HCF^[6]; (b) low loss PBG-HCF^[11]; (c) broadband PBG-HCF^[16]

图 4. 反共振空芯光纤SEM图。(a) Kagome型空芯光纤^[18];(b)有节点转轮型空芯光纤^[19];(c)冰激凌型空芯光纤^[20]; (d)无节点转轮型空芯光纤^[21];(e)空芯连体光纤^[22];(f)嵌套型空芯光纤^[23]

Fig. 4. SEM images of AR-HCFs. (a) Kagome HCF^[18]; (b) revolver type HCF with nodes^[19]; (c) ice-cream type HCF^[20]; (d) nodeless revolver type HCF^[21]; (e) conjoined-tube HCF^[22]; (f) nested HCF^[23]

图 5. 空芯光纤内氢气的振动受激拉曼散射实验^[7]。(a)系统结构;(b)输出光谱

Fig. 5. Experiment of vibrational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[7]. (a)System structure;(b)output spectra

图 6. 空芯光纤中氢气的转动受激拉曼散射实验结构^[26]。(a)单程结构;(b)谐振腔结构

Fig. 6. Experimental structures of rotational stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen in HCF^[26]. (a) Single-pass structure; (b) resonant cavity structure

图 7. 种子注入下的光纤氢气拉曼激光光源示意图^[34]

Fig. 7. Schematic of fiber hydrogen Raman laser source under seed injection^[34]

图 8. 级联结构的光纤甲烷拉曼激光光源示意图^[54]

Fig. 8. Schematic of cascaded fiber methane Raman laser source^[54]