选区激光熔化成形AlSi10Mg组织与拉伸性能的各向异性研究 
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Anisotropy of Microstructure and Tensile Properties of AlSi10Mg Formed by Selective Laser Melting
中国航发控制系统研究所3D使能研发技术联合实验室, 江苏 无锡 214063
图 & 表
图 1. AlSi10Mg粉末材料的SEM形貌
Fig. 1. SEM image of AlSi10Mg powder
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图 2. (a)基于粉末床的SLM技术示意图;(b) EOS M290选区激光熔化设备
Fig. 2. (a) Schematic drawing of SLM technology based on powder bed; (b) SLM equipment of EOS M290
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图 3. (a) SLM成形AlSi10Mg块状试样;(b)拉伸试样的尺寸;(c) SLM成形AlSi10Mg拉伸试样
Fig. 3. (a) AlSi10Mg cubic sample formed by SLM; (b) size of tensile sample; (c) AlSi10Mg tensile samples formed by SLM
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图 4. (a) SLM成形AiSi10Mg合金块状试样显微组织的三维形貌,图中红色虚线为扫描路径示意图;(b)~(c) A面、B面、C面组织的放大形貌,红色虚线为熔道边界
Fig. 4. (a) Three-dimensional microstructure image of AlSi10Mg cubical sample formed by SLM, the red dashed lines show the scanning strategy; (b)-(c) enlarged morphology of A, B, C surfaces, the red dashed lines show the boundary of melt pool
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图 5. Al-Si二元共晶相图(红线为Al-10Si的凝固路径与相转变过程)[20]
Fig. 5. Phase diagram of aluminum-silicon (the red dashed line shows the solidification path and phase transformation of Al-10Si)[20]
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图 6. SLM成形AiSi10Mg合金熔池固-液界面推进示意图
Fig. 6. Schematic drawing of solid-liquid interface of SLM formed AlSi10Mg alloy melt pool
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图 7. SLM成形AiSi10Mg合金熔池中的胞状晶区与树枝状晶区
Fig. 7. Cellular and dendrite zones in SLM formed AlSi10Mg melt pool
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图 8. SLM成形AlSi10Mg块状试样A面组织的SEM形貌及各区域放大图(白色虚线为熔池边界,白色箭头示意方向为树枝晶生长方向)
Fig. 8. SEM morphology of A plane of cubical AlSi10Mg sample formed by SLM (the white dashed line shows the boundary of melt pool and the white arrows present the growth direction of dendrites)
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图 9. SLM成形AlSi10Mg块状试样C面组织的SEM形貌
Fig. 9. SEM morphology of C plane of cubical AlSi10Mg sample formed by SLM
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图 10. SLM成形AiSi10Mg合金熔池不同区域Al-Si共晶组织的形态演化示意图
Fig. 10. Schematic of morphological evolution of Al-Si eutectic structure in different zones of melt pool in SLM formed AlSi10Mg
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图 11. SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金横向、纵向试样的室温拉伸性能。(a)强度;(b)延伸率
Fig. 11. Room temperature tensile properties of SLM formed AlSi10Mg alloy in transverse and longitudinal directions. (a) Strength; (b) elongation
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图 12. SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金室温拉伸断口的SEM形貌。 (a)~(c)纵向试样;(d)~(f)横向试样
Fig. 12. SEM tensile fractures of SLM formed AlSi10Mg alloy at room temperature. (a)-(c) Longitudinal sample; (d)-(f) transverse sample
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图 13. SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金室温拉伸过程裂纹形成示意图
Fig. 13. Crack formation of SLM formed AlSi10Mg alloy in tensile process at room temperature
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表 1AlSi10Mg粉末的化学成分
Table1. Chemical composition of AlSi10Mg powder%
| Al | Si | Cu | Zn | Mn | Mg | Fe | Ti | Ni | Sn |
|---|
| Balance | 10.72 | 0.0068 | 0.0037 | 0.015 | 0.3 | 0.17 | 0.0083 | 0.003 | 0.00013 |
|
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表 2SLM成形过程工艺参数
Table2. Processing parameters used in SLM
| Laser power /W | Spot diameter /mm | Layer thickness /μm | Scanning speed /(mm·s-1) | Hatching space /mm |
|---|
| 370 | 0.1 | 30 | 1000 | 0.19 |
|
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表 3SLM成形AiSi10Mg合金横、纵向试样及压铸合金的拉伸结果
Table3. Tensile results of SLM formed AlSi10Mg alloy sample in longitudinal and transverse directions and die-casting alloy sample
| Item | Yield strength /MPa | Tensile strength /MPa | Elongation /% |
|---|
| Longitudinal 1 | 289.55±4.2 | 322.30±5.5 | 8.33±0.52 | | Longitudinal 2 | 285.02±3.5 | 327.53±2.6 | 5.40±0.46 | | Longitudinal 3 | 295.82±4.5 | 333.80±3.7 | 7.49±0.24 | | Average | 290.13±4.1 | 327.88±3.9 | 7.07±0.41 | | Transverse 1 | 274.99±5.7 | 322.69±3.6 | 13.00±0.13 | | Transverse 2 | 276.94±5.8 | 318.80±6.6 | 14.03±0.25 | | Transverse 3 | 268.61±5.3 | 324.44±4.2 | 13.53±0.35 | | Average | 273.51±5.6 | 321.98±4.8 | 13.52±0.24 | | Die cast-A360[10] | 175 | 320 | 3.0 |
|
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侯伟, 陈静, 储松林, 王修专, 杨志逸, 张毓祺, 滕伟斌. 选区激光熔化成形AlSi10Mg组织与拉伸性能的各向异性研究[J]. 中国激光, 2018, 45(7): 0702003. Wei Hou, Jing Chen, Songlin Chu, Xiuzhuan Wang, Zhiyi Yang, Yuqi Zhang, Weibin Teng. Anisotropy of Microstructure and Tensile Properties of AlSi10Mg Formed by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2018, 45(7): 0702003.
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