染料掺杂的带边胆甾相液晶微激光器因阈值低、无需反射镜的特点, 自提出以来便一直是研究热点。具有复杂微结构的胆甾相液晶液滴是一种新颖的三维全向微激光器, 兼具有小型化、集成化与波长可调谐的特性, 更是引起了液晶非显示领域研究者们的广泛兴趣。其复杂的球形核壳微结构, 促使诸如分布反馈、回音壁和法布-珀罗等多种激光模式的产生。而玻璃毛细管微流控技术的出现, 使大规模制备单分散、尺寸可控的胆甾相液晶液滴成为可能, 同时为制备结构复杂的多重乳液提供了必要条件。本文简要介绍了制备液晶乳液所使用的玻璃毛细管微流控技术, 并综述了近年来与单重乳液胆甾相液晶液滴及多重乳液胆甾相液晶核壳微结构中的激光行为相关的研究工作。

Dye-doped band-edge cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) microlaser has been one of the focus of academic researches ever because of intrinsic properties, such as low threshold and mirrorless. As a novel three-dimensional omnidirectional microlaser, CLC emulsion droplets with complex microstructures exhibit appealing characteristics, such as miniaturization, integration and wavelength tunabilities, etc., arousing broad interests in the research field of liquid crystals (LCs) for non-display applications. The complex spherical core-shell microstructure results in the generation of a variety of laser modes such as distributed feedback (DFB) mode, whispering gallery (WG) mode and Fabry-Pérot(FP). The rapid development of glass-capillary microfluidic technique makes it possible to produce monodispersed CLC droplets with controllable sizes, providing conditions that are necessary for the fabrication of multiple emulsions with complex microstructures. In this review, the glass-capillary microfluidic technique is briefly introduced for the production of monodispersed LC emulsions. And the recent studies on the laser behavior in both the single-emulsion CLC droplets and multiple-emulsion CLC core-shell microstructures are presented and well discussed.