采用Gerber文档的印刷电路板表观检测

张静; 叶玉堂; 谢煜; 刘霖; 常永鑫

doi:doi:10.3788/ope.20132110.2679

光学精密工程, 2013, 21 (10): 2679, 网络出版: 2013-11-01

采用Gerber文档的印刷电路板表观检测

Appearance detection for printed circuit board by Gerber file

论文大纲

张静 ^1,*叶玉堂 ¹谢煜 ¹刘霖 ¹常永鑫 ^1,2

作者单位

¹ 电子科技大学光电信息学院，四川成都 610054

² 中国科学院光电技术研究所，四川成都 610209

摘要

对印刷电路板(PCB）进行表观检测时，传统标准板的图像建立是利用PCB图像自身的特征进行配准和分层的，故检测精度不高。本文从PCB表观检测的实际需求出发，提出了新的检测系统。该检测系统引入解析Gerber文档对PCB光电图像进行分层处理，利用形态学的方法自动修正解析后的Gerber文档，建立精确的标准板。根据主分量分析提取彩色图像频带丰富的信息，依据检测缺陷的尺寸大小设置各层模板及检测阈值，实现局部针对性检测，提高检测精度。实验结果表明，与传统的基于颜色分区域方法相比，基于Gerber的方法不仅提高了检测精度，且较大幅度地提高了自动光学检测系统的检测效率，其微小缺陷检测率高达95.1%，25 cm×22 cm电路板检测时间仅需1.09 s，满足了在线检测对速度的要求。

Abstract

When the surface defect of a printed-circuit-board (PCB) is detected by a traditional method, it usually has lower detection accuracy for that the traditional method of standard board is built by properties of PCB image itself. According to the accurate requirements of PCB detection, this paper proposes a new detection system. In this system, the layers of PCB photoelectric image were separated by using Gerber file that have been analyzed, then the analyzed Gerber file was corrected by morphology. And a accurate standard board was built. Furthermore, the frequency information in the color image was extracted based on the principal component analysis, and the detection threshold was set according to different information on different layers. By which, the local detection of PCB was completed and detection accuracy was improved. As compared with the traditional method by color stratification, this method improves detection accuracy and detection efficiency of the system. It achieves the detecting probability of 95.1% for micro defects and the detecting time of 1.09 s for a 25 cm×22 cm PCB. The detection efficiency of automated optical inspection system can satisfy the requirement of the PCB for defect inspection in online and real time.

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张静, 叶玉堂, 谢煜, 刘霖, 常永鑫. 采用Gerber文档的印刷电路板表观检测[J]. 光学精密工程, 2013, 21(10): 2679. ZHANG Jing, YE Yu-tang, XIE Yu, LIU Lin, CHANG Yong-xin. Appearance detection for printed circuit board by Gerber file[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2013, 21(10): 2679.

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