钨基合金激光立体成形的组织及性能研究

为了制备高性能、大尺寸钨合金零件, 利用激光立体成形技术进行了前期探究实验, 在大气环境下制备多种配比的W-Ni-Fe高比重合金力学拉伸试验件, 通过测试抗拉强度、硬度, 结合组织结构和成分配比的探究分析, 发现其成形性及力学性能与传统的粉末冶金烧结工艺之间还存在着一定的差距。抗拉强度在W原子数分数为0.6时达到最大值717.5MPa, 之后随着W原子数分数的增大反而明显减小, 当W原子数分数在0.8以上时, 强度已低于400MPa。样品存在孔洞和氧化现象, 大量W未溶化, Ni和Fe元素越多, 微观组织均匀性越好、成分偏析越小。结果表明, 利用激光立体成形技术可对钨基合金堆积成形, 但是实验工艺参量和实验环境仍需进一步改进。此研究可获得免受大气气氛影响和工艺参量限制的试样, 为获得性能更好的高比重钨合金激光立体成形件提供了帮助。

Abstract

In order to prepare high-performance and large-size tungsten alloy parts, the preliminary experiments were carried out by using the laser solid forming technique. Various proportions of W-Ni-Fe high-density alloy mechanical tensile test pieces were prepared under atmospheric conditions. By testing tensile strength and hardness, by analyzing the structure and the compents proportions, the differences between the traditional powder metallurgy sintering process and formability and mechanical properties were found. The results show that the maximum tensile strength reaches 717.5MPa under 0.6 of W atomicity fraction and it decreases significantly with the increase of W atomicity fraction. When atomicity fraction of W atom is more than 0.8, the strength is lower than 400MPa. Holes and oxidation phenomenon exist in the samples. A large number of W doesn’t melt. The more Ni, Fe elements, the better microstructure uniformity, the smaller composition segregation. The results preesent that tungsten alloy can be formed by laser solid forming technique but experiment process parameters and experimental environment remain to be further improved. Samples can be obtained free from effect of atmosphere and process parameters limits based on this study. Furthemore, the study is helpful to obtain better performance of tungsten alloy laser solid forming parts.

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王攀, 刘天伟, 王述钢, 蒋驰, 杨帆. 钨基合金激光立体成形的组织及性能研究[J]. 激光技术, 2016, 40(2): 254. WANG Pan, LIU Tianwei, WANG Shugang, JIANG Chi, YANG Fan. Research of microstructure and properties of tungsten based alloy fabricated by laser solid forming[J]. Laser Technology, 2016, 40(2): 254.

钨基合金激光立体成形的组织及性能研究

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