非视距（NLOS）水下无线光通信（UWOC）主要利用空气—海水界面反射或海水中微粒对光的散射进行通信，可以有效地解决视距（LOS）UWOC的链路对准问题。文章总结了NLOS UWOC技术在信道模型、模拟仿真和实验研究方面的研究进展。目前，国内外学者主要探索了水质、波浪、湍流、调制技术和收发端配置等因素对NLOS UWOC链路性能的影响。很少有学者研究复杂的水动力和水质综合因素、光源的非线性、探测器的非线性、灵敏度以及噪声等对NLOS UWOC性能的影响以及有效解决方案。为此，未来需要展开更加深入的信道模型、仿真和实验研究，从而推动NLOS UWOC技术的发展。

The plasmonic mode in graphene metamaterial provides a new approach to manipulate terahertz (THz) waves. Graphene-based split ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial is proposed with the capacity for modulating transmitted THz waves under normal and oblique incidence. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the resonant strength of the dipolar mode can be significantly enhanced by enlarging the arm-width of the SRR and by stacking graphene layers. The principal mechanism of light–matter interaction in graphene metamaterial provides a dynamical modulation based on the controllable graphene Fermi level. This graphene-based design paves the way for a myriad of important THz applications, such as optical modulators, absorbers, polarizers, etc.