Overview: The space gravitational wave detection telescope is one of the core payloads of the gravitational wave detection satellite, simultaneously expanding and contracting the transmitted beam. Optical path stability is one of the core indices for the telescope, closely related to its structural stability. To meet the ultra-high path stability and structural stability requirements posed by the gravitational wave detection mission, it is essential to study the structural deformation measurement of the telescope. Currently, there are still several shortcomings in the research of multi-degree-of-freedom deformation measurement methods for gravitational wave detection telescopes, such as inaccurate selection of measurement points, inability to decouple multi-degree-of-freedom coupling, and unclear identification of error sources in multi-degree-of-freedom measurement. This paper deeply investigates the high-precision measurement of structural deformation of space-borne telescopes designed for space gravitational wave detection. It preliminarily establishes a framework and method system for measuring the structural deformation of space-borne telescopes, theoretically describing the measurement principle of the method. The feasibility of this method applied to space gravitational wave detection is verified through simulation analysis and error decomposition. The paper focuses on resolving the issue of decoupling multiple degrees of freedom, establishing a mathematical model using analytical methods, and conducting preliminary validation using Zemax. Finally, noise analysis of the measurement system is carried out, with experimental testing of the main noise components in the measurement system, validating the correctness of the theoretical noise model proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that near 1 Hz, the displacement noise background of the single-link interferometer is 100 pm/Hz^1/2. At 1 mHz in the low-frequency range, the displacement noise background reaches 10 nm/Hz^1/2. The noise level of the measurement system below 1 mHz is mainly limited by environmental temperature noise, while above 10 mHz, it is primarily constrained by laser frequency noise, phase acquisition background noise, and vibration noise. During the development phase of the space gravitational wave detection telescope, the research on this measurement method is expected to fulfill the telescope's multi-degree-of-freedom deformation measurement needs. It also provides data feedback for telescope design and offers guidance for the study of the telescope's optical path stability.

为减小无拖曳卫星的残余姿态误差，设计了一种基于动量交换的指向稳定性调控机构。采用复合轴控制的原理，与无拖曳姿态控制回路相配合，可将卫星的指向稳定性精度提高到纳弧度量级，同时减少工质损耗，达到延长卫星寿命的目的。利用压电陶瓷设计了一套敏感轴动量交换机构，并基于卫星姿态动力学对小质量块运动所产生的附加干扰力矩进行推导和分析。分别对复合轴系统的主轴系统和子轴系统进行整定，计算出满足性能需求的系统带宽。采用前馈逆模型和自适应PID控制对压电陶瓷的非线性和卫星所受扰动进行补偿。最后，通过Adams和Simulink联合仿真验证系统整体的可行性。仿真结果表明：该机构的介入可以有效降低控制系统带宽，实现10 nrad·Hz^-1/2@1 mHz~1 Hz的指向稳定性控制。