神光Ⅱ大型固体高功率激光装置是我国激光驱动器发展历史的里程碑, 其成功研制使我国高功率固体激光工程与技术、聚变物理与基础物理研究实现了全面且本质的跨越式发展。简要概述了神光Ⅱ激光装置研制中创新发展的大量工程方案与技术手段, 举例介绍了神光Ⅱ激光装置在近20年来的高质量运行中取得的众多有国际影响力的研究成果。经多方支持和多年持续发展, 已经形成数万焦耳级纳秒激光装置、皮秒拍瓦以及飞秒拍瓦激光装置等, 这些装置是我国惯性约束核聚变、强场物理、高能量密度物理等研究领域中重要的物理实验核心平台之一。

This paper presented the reults of experimental studies on transient soft X-ray laser using a picosecond pulsed laser facility. A rather intensity Ni-like Ag X-ray laser at 13.9 nm with output energy of about 5～10 nJ was obtained by irradiating the solid last targets with a several hundred picosecond long laser pulse in combination with an 1 ps ultra-short laser pulse.

The experimental studies of Ni-like Ta x-ray laser at near “water window" on Shenguang Ⅱ laser facility were reported. By using a new scheme of united driving of fundamental- and double-frequency laser, the distinct spectrum signal of Ni-like Ta x-ray laser at 4.48 nm was obtained under the total drive energy of 400J. The efficient gain-length product was about 5.5.

The paper concerns the improvement of two primary technologies for 3ω(351nm) shot experiment in SG-Ⅱ facility target area ,which are 3ω target alignment laser and optical viewing system .The 1ω (1 053nm) laser is exported form the Nd:YLF laser and passes the KTP+BBO system to acquire the 3ω laser.And the 3ω laser is coupling-out with main laser.In order to improve the laser accurately position on the target,the reflection optical system is replaced by the transmission optical system,which avoids the effect of chromatic aberration.

主要介绍为了满足神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置三倍频光(351nm,3ω)的物理实验要求,靶场三倍频模拟光源和瞄准监视系统两个主要单元技术的改进,即三倍频模拟光源由基频光(1 053nm,3ω)通过腔外的KTP+BBO晶体倍频获得,再经八路分光系统和主激光耦合;瞄准监视系统由透射式光学系统改进为反射式光学系统,避免原系统存在较大的色差,提高瞄准精度.

Nd∶doped-glass-based sub-picosecond laser system with the maximum peak power of greater than 20 tara watts and the energy on target surface of 16 J is accomplished by using the chirped laser pulse amplification technology. While the laser pulse is focused by an off-axis parabolic mirror, the power density on target surface of approximately 2×10 18 W/cm 2 is acquired. In the performed neutron experiment, a C 8D 8 plate target is placed on the focal spot of the off-axis parabolic mirror. The maximum neutron yield for a single shot reaches 2.4×10 4. Still some other related problems are discussed

利用啁啾脉冲放大技术，建成了一台基于钕玻璃放大器1053 nm波长的亚皮秒超短脉冲激光系统(SPS)。系统的输出峰值功率大于20 TW，靶面最高能量可达16 J，采用离轴抛物面反射镜聚焦，在靶面上获得2×10 18 W/cm 2的激光功率密度，以此激光脉冲轰击氘化聚苯乙烯平面靶，获得单次发射最高2.4×10 4个中子产额。对中子产生的机理进行了相关的讨论。

在神光Ⅱ特殊的激光光束强度分布条件下,通常使用的等宽柱面透镜列阵线聚焦系统不能获得均匀的线聚焦.考虑神光Ⅱ输出激光光束特殊强度分布的影响,优化设计并制作了不等宽单元柱面透镜列阵,获得了良好的均匀线聚焦结果,在X光激光实验中良好的使用效果表明这一设计是有效的.

简要描述在神光Ⅱ装置上进行的部分物理实验,为神光Ⅱ激光装置提供光学性能指标.神光Ⅱ激光装置已经能在三倍频、外转换效率高于60%的条件下常规输出三倍频能量.穿孔实验表明,蓝光(3ω0)的光束质量,特别是远场旁瓣分布质量,甚至于要好于红光(1ω0光).用100ps脉冲宽度的红光输出打爆推内爆的氘氚球靶,获得单发最高中子产额4×109个.基频线聚焦打靶,获得类Ni银X光激光饱和输出,并成功应用于激光等离子体密度测量,观测到莫尔条纹移动.

在神光II激光装置上进行了类镍-银X射线激光及其作为探针测量等离子体电子密度的实验研究,获得了类镍-银X射线激光饱和输出,并获得了包含待测等离子体电子密度分布信息的莫尔条纹图像.