大连理工大学光电工程与仪器科学学院，辽宁 大连 116024
超分辨荧光显微镜突破了传统荧光显微镜的分辨率限制，使得人们能够在纳米量级分辨率下观察细胞和组织样品，极大地推动了生命科学的发展。在这一技术中，仪器和样品引入的像差均会导致空间分辨率降低，进而导致成像质量恶化。为此，人们引入了自适应光学技术，通过直接或间接的手段探测像差，再通过波前校正元件来校正像差，从而获得高质量的超分辨图像。本文介绍了自适应光学的起源与工作原理，总结了其在超分辨荧光显微镜中的应用，并展望了其未来的发展前景。
显微 荧光显微镜 超分辨 自动与自适应光学 像差补偿 波前传感
1 南京邮电大学电子与光学工程学院，江苏 南京 210023
2 南京理工大学理学院，江苏 南京 210094
提出在电压驱动下液体透镜的响应包括固有响应和强制响应，固有响应信号的函数形式由液体透镜的各种参数决定，与驱动电压无关，但其系数与驱动电压有关，强制响应与驱动电压具有相同的函数形式，液体透镜暂态过程的变化规律取决于固有响应，同样与驱动电压无关。因此，对同一液体透镜改变驱动电压仅改变暂态过程的响应幅度，不改变暂态过程的变化规律，从而也不改变液体透镜的响应时间。实验验证了液体透镜的响应可分解为固有响应和强制响应，测量了不同电压驱动下液体透镜的响应过程及响应时间，并对测试结果进行了理论分析。另外，观察到电润湿液体透镜的反冲现象，该现象出现在加载电压和撤去电压的初始阶段。
光学器件 主动或自适应光学 液体透镜 暂态过程 反冲现象 光学学报
2023, 43(10): 1023001
华东交通大学 机电学院, 江西 南昌 330013
为了实现拼接镜平移误差的大量程、快速检测, 提出了一种利用白光(400~700 nm)远场光斑相干性来检测拼接镜piston误差的方法。该方法以两半圆孔间的非相干衍射图案为模板, 利用互相关算法求解实际衍射图案与模板图案间的互相关系数, 通过设定0.85阈值, 实现拼接镜piston误差的粗共相检测。搭建了一套室内拼接镜的主动共相检测实验光路系统, 其中拼接镜是由4块对边长为100 mm, 曲率半径为2 000 mm的正六边形球面反射镜组成, 利用白光(400~700 nm)远场光斑相干性测量拼接主镜各子镜间平移误差的方法进行了理论与仿真分析。利用波前探测器和主动光学技术实现了拼接镜精共焦误差的检测与调节, 通过远场光斑相干性和主动光学技术实现了粗共相的检测和调节。实验表明: 该方法耗时短、能量利用率高, 可实现无限量程、±250 nm精度的检测和调节, 适合拼接镜的粗共相检测和调节。
天文光学 望远镜 主动光学 共相检测 astronomical optics telescope active or adaptive optics co-phasing detection 光学 精密工程
2018, 26(11): 2647
1 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
2 中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210042
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
将光斑矩推广应用到离焦型Shack-Hartmann波前传感器中,提出了一种高精度的波前重建方法。针对离焦型Shack-Hartmann波前传感器,不仅提取了每一个微透镜光斑的质心偏移量,而且提取了每一个光斑的二阶矩,用于计算波前的局部斜率和局部曲率。将传统Shack-Hartmann传感器利用波前局部斜率进行波前重构的算法,推广到同时利用波前的局部斜率和局部曲率进行波前重构,并进行了数值模拟研究。数值模拟结果表明:所提波前重建算法可以进行高精度的波前重建。将peaks函数作为输入波前,采用所提波前重建算法得到的波前残差RMS为0.0327λ,小于常规算法的0.0903λ,表明所提算法可以显著地提高波前重建精度。
传感器 主动或自适应光学 波前传感 二阶矩 Shack-Hartmann传感器
Yue Li 1,2,3Jian Li 1,2,3Taixing Huang 1,2,3Fei Huang 1,2,3[ ... ]Bo Peng 1,2,3,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
3 Key Laboratory of Multi-Spectral Absorbing Materials and Structures of Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
4 e-mail: denglj@uestc.edu.cn
Although plasmonic nanostructure has attracted widespread research interest in recent years, it is still a major challenge to realize large-scale active plasmonic nanostructure operation in the visible optical frequency. Herein, we demonstrate a heterostructure geometry comprising a centimeter-scale Au nanoparticle monolayer and VO2 films, in which the plasmonic peak is inversely tuned between 685 nm and 618 nm by a heating process since the refractive index will change when VO2 films undergo the transition between the insulating phase and the metallic phase. Simultaneously, the phase transition of VO2 films can be improved by plasmonic arrays due to plasmonic enhanced light absorption and the photothermal effect. The phase transition temperature for Au/VO2 films is lower than that for bare VO2 films and can decrease to room temperature under the laser irradiation. For light-induced phase transition of VO2 films, the laser power of Au/VO2 film phase transition is ～28.6% lower than that of bare VO2 films. Our work raises the feasibility to use active plasmonic arrays in the visible region.
Active or adaptive optics Plasmonics Subwavelength structures, nanostructures Spectroscopy, modulation Photonics Research
2018, 6(5): 05000409
1 华东交通大学 机电学院, 南昌, 330013
2 中国科学院自适应光学重点实验室, 成都 610209
3 中国科学院光电技术研究所, 成都 610209
4 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
针对拼接型天文望远镜主镜的共相检测问题, 对宽窄带夏克哈特曼检测法在拼接主镜各子镜间平移误差的测量进行了理论与仿真分析, 并搭建了一套室内拼接镜的主动共相检测实验光路系统, 其中拼接镜是由4块对边长为100 mm、曲率半径为2 000 mm的正六边形球面反射镜组成.首先, 利用夏克波前探测器进行了拼接镜的精共焦误差的检测, 通过主动光学技术控制压电陶瓷促动器, 实现了拼接镜的精共焦的调节; 然后通过宽带共相检测实现了粗共相的检测; 最后, 通过窄带共相检测实现了精共相的检测, 并通过主动光学技术控制压电陶瓷促动器, 实现了共相的调节.实验表明：宽窄带夏克哈特曼检测法对拼接子镜平移误差测量量程达到几十微米, 共相检测精度达到15 nm, 满足拼接镜对平移误差的测量要求.
天文光学 望远镜 子孔衍射 拼接镜 共相 主动光学 Astronomical optics Telescope Subaperture diffraction Segmented mirror Cophasing Active or adaptive optics
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 W.M. Keck Center for Adaptive Optical Microscopy, Baskin Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
3 Current address: Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
A woofer–tweeter adaptive optical structured illumination microscope (AOSIM) is presented. By combining a low-spatial-frequency large-stroke deformable mirror (woofer) with a high-spatial-frequency low-stroke deformable mirror (tweeter), we are able to remove both large-amplitude and high-order aberrations. In addition, using the structured illumination method, as compared to widefield microscopy, the AOSIM can accomplish high-resolution imaging and possesses better sectioning capability. The AOSIM was tested by correcting a large aberration from a trial lens in the conjugate plane of the microscope objective aperture. The experimental results show that the AOSIM has a point spread function with an FWHM that is 140 nm wide (using a water immersion objective lens with NA=1.1) after correcting a large aberration (5.9 μm peak-to-valley wavefront error with 2.05 μm RMS aberration). After structured light illumination is applied, the results show that we are able to resolve two beads that are separated by 145 nm, 1.62× below the diffraction limit of 235 nm. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of the AOSIM in the field of bioimaging. The sample under investigation was a green-fluorescent-protein-labeled Drosophila embryo. The aberrations from the refractive index mismatch between the microscope objective, the immersion fluid, the cover slip, and the sample itself are well corrected. Using AOSIM we were able to increase the SNR for our Drosophila embryo sample by 5×.
Active or adaptive optics Microscopy Superresolution Photonics Research
2017, 5(4): 04000329
1 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
2 中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210042
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
4 加利福尼亚州立大学北岭分校物理与天文学院, 加利福尼亚州 91330
目前太阳活动观测存在视场小和分辨率低的问题。单共轭自适应光学系统可校正的视场范围较小, 多层共轭自适应光学系统使用三维重构的方法, 耗时长且过程繁琐; 而太阳地表层自适应光学系统只校正地表层湍流, 效率高, 能快速获得大视场、高分辨率图像。利用YAO软件, 在四导星阵列分布情况下, 应用平均算法对太阳, 地表层自适应光学系统在40″和60″优化视场、J和H波段的性能进行数值仿真, 并与相同条件下仿真得到的单共轭自适应光学系统性能结果进行比较。结果表明, 在60″~120″成像视场内, 地表层自适应光学系统的斯特列尔比值比单共轭自适应光学系统提高了130%~210%, 该结果与太阳自适应光学领域其他软件得到的仿真结果一致。
大气光学 主动或自适应光学 波前传感 大气湍流 地表层自适应光学 YAO软件 激光与光电子学进展
2017, 54(9): 090101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
2 Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China
3 ITEAM Research Institute, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Photonics Research
2014, 2(4): 0400MWP1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
2 Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, K?nigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
3 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
4 LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, 77, Avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France
5 Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Postfach 1312, 85741 Garching, Germany
6 Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
The adaptive optics system for the second-generation VLT-interferometer (VLTI) instrument GRAVITY consists of a novel cryogenic near-infrared wavefront sensor to be installed at each of the four unit telescopes of the Very Large Telescope (VLT). Feeding the GRAVITY wavefront sensor with light in the 1.4 to 2.4 micrometer band, while suppressing laser light originating from the GRAVITY metrology system, custom-built optical components are required. In this paper, we present the development of a quantitative near-infrared point diffraction interferometric characterization technique, which allows measuring the transmitted wavefront error of the silicon entrance windows of the wavefront sensor cryostat. The technique can be readily applied to quantitative phase measurements in the near-infrared regime. Moreover, by employing a slightly off-axis optical setup, the proposed method can optimize the required spatial resolution and enable real time measurement capabilities. The feasibility of the proposed setup is demonstrated, followed by theoretical analysis and experimental results. Our experimental results show that the phase error repeatability in the nanometer regime can be achieved.
Active or adaptive optics Active or adaptive optics Wave-front sensing Wave-front sensing interferometry interferometry Diffraction theory Diffraction theory Fringe analysis Fringe analysis Metrological instrumentation Metrological instrumentation Collection Of theses on high power laser and plasma physics
2013, 11(1): 9069
