生物组织散射引起的光学像差限制了光学系统的成像性能。本文研究了基于间接波前整形的近红外二区荧光共聚焦成像技术。首先，制备了高效率近红外二区荧光探针，降低该波段生物组织的散射有助于实现高对比度的活体组织成像。其次，研究了基于间接波前测量的自适应光学方法，将间接波前整形技术应用于激光扫描共聚焦显微系统中，以实现对生物组织引起的光学像差的测量与补偿，获得生物组织的高信噪比成像。最后，对基于间接波前整形的近红外二区荧光共聚焦成像系统开展了相关实验。实验结果表明，本系统对空气平板、散射介质和小鼠颅骨等产生的像差具有良好的补偿效果，最终信号强度较初始值分别提升了1.47、1.95和2.85倍，显著提升了最终的成像质量。

This study introduces a handheld terahertz (THz) scanner designed to quantitatively evaluate human skin hydration levels and thickness. This device, through the incorporation of force sensors, demonstrates enhanced repeatability and accuracy over traditional fixed THz systems. The scanner was evaluated in the largest THz skin study to date, assessing 314 volunteers, successfully differentiating between individuals with dry skin and hydrated skin using a numerical stratified skin model. The scanner measures and displays skin hydration dynamics within a quarter of a second, indicating its potential for real-time, noninvasive examinations, opening up opportunities for in vivo and ex vivo diagnosis during patient consultations. Furthermore, the portability and ease of use of our scanner enable its widespread application for in vivo and ex vivo diagnosis during patient consultations, potentially allowing in situ biopsy evaluation and elimination of histopathology processing wait times, thereby improving patient outcomes by facilitating simultaneous tumor diagnosis and removal.

A wideband sensitive needle ultrasound sensor based on a polarized PVDF-TrFE copolymer piezoelectric film has been developed, which is capable of providing a noise equivalent pressure of 14 Pa and a uniform frequency response ranging from 1 to 25 MHz. Its high sensitivity (1.6 μV / Pa) and compact size were achieved by capitalizing on the large electromechanical coupling coefficient of PVDF-TrFE and minimizing parasitic capacitance in a two-stage amplifier structure. The detection sensitivity of the newly designed sensor outperformed commercially available hydrophones with an equivalent sensing element area by a factor of 9. The sensor has been successfully integrated into a light scanning optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) system with a limited working space. Submicrometer resolution images were subsequently attained from living mice without employing signal averaging. The miniature sensor design can readily be integrated into various OAM systems and further facilitate multimodal imaging system implementations.