To improve the acoustic radiation performance of the spherical transducer, a prestressed layer is formed in the transducer through fiber winding. The influence of the prestressed layer on the transducer is studied from the effects of the radial prestress (Tr) and acoustic impedance, respectively. First, a theoretical estimation of Tr is established with a thin shell approximation of the prestressed layer. Then, the acoustic impedance is measured to evaluate the efficiency of sound energy transmission within the prestressed layer. Further, the ideal effects of Tr on the sound radiation performances of the transducer are analyzed through finite element analysis (FEA). Finally, four spherical transducers are fabricated and tested to investigate their dependence of actual properties on the prestressed layer. The results show that with the growth of Tr, the acoustic impedance of the prestressed layer grows, mitigating the enormous impedance mismatch between the piezoelectric ceramic and water, while increasing attenuation of the acoustic energy, resulting in a peak value of the maximum transmitting voltage response (TVRmax) at 1.18 MPa. The maximum drive voltage increases with Tr, leading to a steady growth of the maximum transmitting sound level (SLmax), with a noticeable ascend of 3.9 dB at a 3.44 MPa Tr. This is a strong credibility that the prestressed layer could improve the sound radiation performance of the spherical transducer.To improve the acoustic radiation performance of the spherical transducer, a prestressed layer is formed in the transducer through fiber winding. The influence of the prestressed layer on the transducer is studied from the effects of the radial prestress (Tr) and acoustic impedance, respectively. First, a theoretical estimation of Tr is established with a thin shell approximation of the prestressed layer. Then, the acoustic impedance is measured to evaluate the efficiency of sound energy transmission within the prestressed layer. Further, the ideal effects of Tr on the sound radiation performances of the transducer are analyzed through finite element analysis (FEA). Finally, four spherical transducers are fabricated and tested to investigate their dependence of actual properties on the prestressed layer. The results show that with the growth of Tr, the acoustic impedance of the prestressed layer grows, mitigating the enormous impedance mismatch between the piezoelectric ceramic and water, while increasing attenuation of the acoustic energy, resulting in a peak value of the maximum transmitting voltage response (TVRmax) at 1.18 MPa. The maximum drive voltage increases with Tr, leading to a steady growth of the maximum transmitting sound level (SLmax), with a noticeable ascend of 3.9 dB at a 3.44 MPa Tr. This is a strong credibility that the prestressed layer could improve the sound radiation performance of the spherical transducer.

压电微机械超声换能器(PMUT)在医疗阵列成像、手势识别、内窥成像、指纹识别等领域有着重要的应用, 而灵敏度等性能是影响其成像质量的主要因素。该文对基于PMN-PT圆形压电复合振动膜的压电微机械超声换能器等效电路模型进行分析, 并通过有限元法研究了压电层PMN-PT厚度对PMUT的发射电压响应、接收灵敏度的影响。仿真结果表明, 当压电层厚度为4.5 μm(厚度为基底厚度的90%)时, 换能器的发射电压响应级最大, 达到191.6 dB, 接收灵敏度级随厚度的增加基本呈线性上升趋势; 当压电层厚度为5.1 μm(厚度为基底厚度的102%)时, 回路增益(损耗)最大, 达到-64.50 dB。

该文设计了一种基于1-1-3型压电复合材料的直线型换能器阵列, 并采用有限元法分析了阵元的导纳特性。应用有限元法对比分析了基于1-1-3型和1-3型压电复合材料直线型换能器阵列的电导, 以及阵元位置对电导的影响。为进一步验证仿真结果, 该文设计了一种“一体成型”的换能器阵列制备工艺, 并制备了实验样品。实验结果表明, 1-1-3型直线型换能器阵列比1-3型直线型换能器接收灵敏度一致性稳定提高4 dB, 发射电压响应的一致性稳定在0.6 dB内, 有效地提高了高频换能器阵的阵元一致性。

当传输线上通有电压和电流信号时，会在其周围的传输线上产生串扰响应。采用时域BLT方程建立多导体传输线对多导体传输线的串扰模型，分析了不同数目和不同频率正弦波集总电压源激励下的多导体受扰线终端负载串扰电压响应特性。研究结果表明，受扰线终端负载上的串扰电压响应主要频点的个数与集总电压源的个数相同，响应频点与集总电压源的频率相等，响应幅值与相应电压源离受扰线的间距有关。

在考虑电磁波与电子设备的耦合时,屏蔽腔中电路板端口对入射电磁波的电压响应是一个重要的参数.分别计算了微带线电路板端口在自由空间和在屏蔽腔内这两种不同情况下的电压响应,以及屏蔽腔内耦合系数的变化.对所得结果进行了比较分析,结果表明,在自由空间时,响应电压频谱为连续的变化,而在屏蔽腔内时,只有在本征模的频率处才会激励起端口电压,频谱分布变为分立的.当屏蔽腔上开有窄缝时,窄缝方向和入射场极化方向对激励起来的端口电压都有影响,而电场极化方向和微带线方向之间的关系,是决定端口激励电压大小的关键因素.