1 晋中学院 物理与电子工程系, 山西 晋中 030619
2 晋中学院 材料科学与工程系, 山西 晋中 030619
为实现锶原子光钟的空间应用,采用永磁体塞曼减速器,可有效规避塔状线圈造成的高功耗和体积占比大的问题,利于光钟的空间化发展。基于永磁体构建锶光钟的环状和柱状塞曼减速器,在减速原理、磁场构建和样品研制方面各有优劣,利用多普勒测速法可对两种减速器的减速效率进行测量,可将两种减速器的减速分布曲线累计分布后对比。实验结果表明: 两种永磁体塞曼减速器都达到一定减速效果,但环状永磁体塞曼减速器在体积和减速效果上,相较单x方向的柱状永磁体塞曼减速器,体积减少了60%,重量减少了80%,减速效果部分区域效率高一倍,因此优势更为显著。进一步采用环状永磁体塞曼减速器俘获锶原子的三种同位素,完成了小型化锶原子光钟的一级俘获,满足零功耗、体积小的紧凑化光钟设计需求。
激光技术 塞曼效应 光钟 永磁体 塞曼减速器 laser techniques Zeeman effect optical clock permanent magnet Zeeman slower
1 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所航天激光工程部，上海 201800
2 中国科学院大学材料科学与光电子技术学院，北京 100049
3 电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院，四川 成都 611731
4 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室，上海 201800
射频蒸发冷却作为获取超冷原子简并量子气体的手段之一，对玻色-费米协同冷却的实现至关重要。为了在空间站上实现超冷量子简并气体，设计了一种特殊的射频天线。该天线被置于一个冷原子实验用真空腔内，与腔上集成的冷却、探测、光阱、磁阱、光晶格、Feshbach磁场等装置一同组成了通用型超冷原子物理实验系统，该实验系统满足载人航天工程在尺寸、重量、功耗、可靠性和电磁兼容性等方面的严格要求。利用有限元仿真方法对天线进行设计和评估，并在地面实验平台上对其各项性能指标进行测试和实验验证。结果表明，本设计除了能够降低90%的射频功率需求外，还能维持科学腔的超高真空水平，并具备良好的电磁兼容性，符合载人航天工程的要求。
量子光学 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体 射频诱导蒸发冷却 微波 Zeeman效应
呼伦贝尔学院物理与电子信息学院,内蒙古 呼伦贝尔 021008
采用 Pekar 变分法研究了磁场对非对称量子阱中极化子性质的影响, 理论推导得到磁极化子基态能量的表达式, 分别讨论了磁极化子基态能量与波矢、阱宽、磁场回旋共振频率及阱深的关系。研究表明磁极化子基态能量是波矢和磁场回旋共振频率的增函数,是阱宽和阱深的减函数。由于晶体结构反演的非对称性以及磁场的作用, 极化子能量发生 Rashba 自旋-轨道分裂和 Zeeman 分裂, 分别讨论了强弱磁场下 Rashba 效应和Zeeman 效应在能量分裂中所占的主导位置。由于声子的存在降低了极化子的总能量，所以极化子态比裸电子态更稳定, 能量分裂也更稳定。
凝聚态物理 Rashba 效应 Zeeman 效应 磁极化子 非对称量子阱 condensed matter physics Rashba effect Zeeman effect magnetopolaron asymmetry quantum well
1 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室, 上海 201800
2 中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院, 北京 100000
喷泉钟量子化轴磁场的空间均匀性和时间稳定性是制约原子钟输出频率稳定度和不确定度的重要因素。从外磁场屏蔽、磁场线圈设计、线圈电流源稳定性等方面考虑,构建并优化设计了一套可搬运铷喷泉原子钟量子化轴磁场系统。为了消除环境磁场对量子化轴磁场的影响,使用5层坡莫合金磁屏蔽进行外磁场的屏蔽;利用4组对称的补偿线圈,通过计算给予合适的电流,获得喷泉钟内部30 cm原子自由飞行尺度内磁场波动小于1 nT;通过改善C场供电电流方式,从而优化量子化轴磁场的时间稳定性,磁场随时间的波动小于0.1 nT。优化后喷泉钟长期频率稳定度达2.9×10 -16,磁场空间分布不均匀性带来的二阶塞曼频移不确定度为3.4×10 -19,由磁场随时间波动带来的二阶塞曼频移的不确定度为5.1×10 -17。
原子与分子物理学 塞曼效应 超精细结构 原子钟 磁敏跃迁法 光学学报
2021, 41(19): 1902001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2 College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
In this article, taking advantage of the special magnetic shieldings and the optimal coil design of a transportable Rb atomic fountain clock, the intensity distribution in space and the fluctuations with time of the quantization magnetic field in the Ramsey region were measured using the atomic magneton-sensitive transition method. In an approximately 310 mm long Ramsey region, a peak-to-peak magnetic field intensity of a 0.74 nT deviation in space and a 0.06 nT fluctuation with time were obtained. These results correspond to a second-order Zeeman frequency shift of approximately . This is an essential step in advancing the total frequency uncertainty of the fountain clock to the order of .
Zeeman effect hyperfine structure atomic clock magnetic-sensitive method Chinese Optics Letters
2021, 19(12): 120201
电子科技大学光电科学与工程学院电子薄膜与集成器件国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610054
磁场作为磁性物质的基本特性之一,备受人们关注,在**、医疗、工业等领域都有着广泛的应用。对高灵敏度微型光学原子磁力仪的基本原理、发展进程和应用前景进行了梳理。阐述了微型光学原子磁力仪的工作机理及系统组成,论述了原子气室制作方法及优化方法、原子气室加热方法、磁场信号检测等关键技术的发展历程,对高灵敏度微型光学原子磁力仪的最新研究进展进行综述,并对微型光学原子磁力仪的应用前景进行了展望。
原子与分子物理学 光学原子磁力仪 塞曼效应 微型化 高灵敏 磁场探测 激光与光电子学进展
2020, 57(23): 230002
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2 Physics & Engineering, Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota 55112, USA
We study a Zeeman slower using the magnetic field generated by a pair of coils for a magneto-optical trap. The efficiency of the Zeeman slower is shown to be dependent on the intensity and frequency detuning of the laser light for slowing the atoms. With the help of numerical analysis, optimal experimental parameters are explored. Experimentally, the optimal frequency detuning and intensity of the slowing beam are explored, and 4 × 107 ytterbium atoms are trapped in the magneto-optical trap.
020.3320 Laser cooling 020.7490 Zeeman effect Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(4): 040201
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics, The Center of Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
We present the long-term stability of the integrating sphere cold atom clock (ISCAC) and analyze its systematic limitations. The relative frequency instability of 2.6×10 15 is reached for an averaging time of 2×105 s. The second-order Zeeman effect and the cavity pulling effect in ISCAC, which would induce the frequency drift from the clock transition, are analyzed. The analytical and experimental results indicate that the cavity pulling effect is the main contribution to the long-term frequency instability of the ISCAC. Further technical improvements to the microwave cavity are also discussed.
020.1335 Atom optics 020.3320 Laser cooling 020.7490 Zeeman effect Chinese Optics Letters
2018, 16(7): 070201
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics, and Center for Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
We report the recent progress of our pulsed optically pumped (POP) vapor cell rubidium clock with dispersive detection. A new compact physics package is made. A rubidium cell with a high precision buffer gases mixing ratio is obtained, and the temperature controlling system is renovated to reduce fractional frequency sensitivity to temperature variation. The resolution of the servo control voltage is also optimized. With these improvements, a clock frequency stability of 3.53×10 13 at 1 s is obtained, and a fractional frequency stability of 4.91×10 15 is achieved at an average time of τ=2000 s.
020.2930 Hyperfine structure 020.7490 Zeeman effect 350.4010 Microwaves Chinese Optics Letters
2017, 15(4): 040201
