交叉偏振图像不但可以反映样品的偏振敏感结构信息，而且可以更好地反映出样品浅表层的微结构。因此利用光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)获取样品的交叉偏振图像越来越受到人们的关注。在前人的基础上，实现了一种基于单模光纤的新型全光纤交叉偏振光学相干层析成像系统(CP-OCT)，该系统具有同时获得样品的交叉偏振信号和同向偏振信号的功能。详细介绍了CP-OCT系统信号的形成原理，并使用琼斯矩阵理论推导出交叉偏振信号和同向偏振信号的表达式。使用CP-OCT系统分别对玻璃片、中心波长为1310 nm的λ/4波片及在体皮肤进行成像，从实验上验证了全光纤CP-OCT系统具有同时获取样品偏振敏感结构与偏振不敏感结构信息的能力。

The lag (latency) time (LT) is known in dermatology clinic as an asymptomatic period till the development of skin eruptions. In the laboratory, the LT might determine the interval from \zero" point until the peak(s) of changes in measured laboratory parameter during the performed test. This paper discusses methodological and technical aspects of precise measurement of the LT in the living healthy and pathological skin by laser and optical technologies through clinical and experimental applications in dermatology. Based on a dynamics approach to measure, calculate and interpret the LT in blood and in interstitial fluid compartments of the skin tissue, this method has a potential to promote deeper understanding of the role of complex dynamic processes in the skin at a level of a molecule, and/or an organ in a whole organism. The method of the LT measurement in vivo also promotes new understanding of (patho)physiological, diagnostic and pharmacological aspects of certain dynamic skin lesions and dynamic complex processes that happen in the skin. Utilized laser and optical techniques showed high reliability and objectivity in collecting data from rapidly changed skin lesions and processes, demonstrating the LT measurement as a very easy-to-use calculation procedure with high informativity, which is extremely important for the clinical and laboratory environment.

为探讨在体皮肤实验中最为简便有效的给药方式, 将化学渗透促进剂噻酮与聚乙二醇400（PEG400）的混合溶液直接作用于去除部分角质和含角质的在体大鼠皮肤, 利用CCD拍照进行直观观察, 并通过反射光谱的变化来反映皮肤光透明效果, 同时与单纯PEG400作用进行了对比。结果表明：混合溶液可以使去除部分角质皮肤在15 min内反射光谱明显下降, 并产生显著的光透明效果, 30 min后皮肤更加透明; 而单纯PEG400以及未去除角质层的完整皮肤均无光透明效果。因此, 结合物理方法去除部分角质层、并添加促渗剂噻酮, 能以非侵入方式, 快速、有效提高PEG400对在体皮肤的光透明效果。

Raman spectroscopy is a noninvasive, nondestructive analytical method capable of determining the biochemical constituents based on molecular vibrations. It does not require sample preparation or pretreatment. However, the use of Raman spectroscopy for in vivo clinical applications will depend on the feasibility of measuring Raman spectra in a relatively short time period (a few seconds). In this work, a fast dispersive-type nearinfrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy system and a skin Raman probe were developed to facilitate real-time, noninvasive, in vivo human skin measurements. Spectrograph image aberration was corrected by a parabolic-line fiber array, permitting complete CCD vertical binning, thereby yielding a 16-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio. Good quality in vivo skin NIR Raman spectra free of interference from fiber fluorescence and silica Raman scattering can be acquired within one second, which greatly facilitates practical noninvasive tissue characterization and clinical diagnosis. Currently, we are conducting a large clinical study of various skin diseases in order to develop Raman spectroscopy into a useful tool for non-invasive skin cancer detection. Intermediate data analysis results are presented. Recently, we have also successfully developed a technically more challenging endoscopic Laser-Raman probe for early lung cancer detection. Preliminary in vivo results from endoscopic lung Raman measurements are discussed.