飞秒激光加工与普通激光加工相比熔化区更小,热影响区几乎可忽略不计,同时其加工引起的冲击波及裂纹在通常条件下几乎不可见,因而被广泛应用于精密加工、生物体组织加工、特殊材料加工等方面,具有良好的发展前景。阐述了飞秒激光加工的机理,介绍了近年来国内外飞秒激光加工超硬材料的方法及应用研究成果,重点总结了近几年利用飞秒激光对超硬材料刀具进行加工和处理的方法,探讨了现阶段飞秒激光技术在超硬材料加工领域面临的问题、挑战及解决途径。

采用激光清洗技术对2219铝合金硫酸阳极氧化膜进行清洗, 研究了清洗速度对阳极氧化膜去除效果的影响; 对清洗后的铝合金进行焊接试验, 以验证焊前激光清洗工艺的可行性; 最后分析了激光清洗阳极氧化膜的机理和特性。结果表明：2219铝合金在焊前通过激光清洗后可获得外观和内部质量良好的焊接接头; 2219铝合金阳极氧化膜激光清洗速度的阈值为1079 mm·min-1; 激光清洗去除2219铝合金阳极氧化膜的机制主要为爆炸和气化, 并存在部分弹性震动剥离机制。

Aiming at solving the problem of low resolution and visual blur in infrared imaging, a super-resolution infrared image reconstruction method using human vision processing mechanism (HVPM) was proposed. This method combined a mechanism of vision lateral inhibition with an algorithm projection onto convex sets (POCS) reconstruction, the improved vision lateral inhibition network was utilized to enhance the contrast between object and background of low-resolution image sequences, then POCS algorithm was adopted to reconstruct superresolution image. Experimental results showed that the proposed method can significantly improve the visual effect of image, whose contrast and information entropy of reconstructed infrared images were improved by approximately 5 times and 1.6 times compared with traditional POCS reconstruction algorithm, respectively.

陶瓷材料的性能优越，但是表面质量差，采用短波长激光抛光技术可以有效提高陶瓷材料表面质量。针对紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷过程中可能存在的熔化、汽化、微裂纹、材料的熔融飞溅和光化学作用等不同的作用形式进行了实验研究。通过对抛光后表面形貌特征进行观测，研究了紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷的作用机理，并分析了高能量密度下产生的白色粉末的形貌、附着力、组成成分和主要物相，进一步确定了紫外激光抛光Al2O3陶瓷的作用机制。