强激光与粒子束
2023, 35(6): 065004
1 强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学电气学院),武汉 430074
2 华中科技大学 脉冲功率技术教育部重点实验室,武汉 430074
3 生态环境部 长江流域生态环境监督管理局 生态环境监测与科学研究中心,武汉 430011
4 长江科学院 流域水环境研究所,武汉 430010
为探究脉冲电场对防治水生生物附着效果的影响因素,确定有效防治附着生物所需的最低电场条件,搭建了脉冲电场试验平台,通过人工脉冲形成线产生近似方波的脉冲,统计不同条件下大型溞死亡率和形态结构发生的变化,通过函数拟合得到了脉冲电场诱导死亡率与电场强度、总等效处理时间、脉冲注入能量密度之间的函数关系,并以某干渠工程为例介绍了脉冲电场防治大型溞的参数选取原则和平台搭建方法。结果表明,脉冲电场对大型溞的处理效果与电场强度、总等效处理时间和脉冲注入能量密度都呈正相关关系。电场强度介于0.5~1.5 kV/cm之间时,电场强度每增加0.5 kV/cm,诱导死亡率增加35%左右。电场强度高于2.0 kV/cm、总等效处理时间大于900 μs或脉冲注入能量密度高于80 J/L时,脉冲电场都可以产生80%以上的诱导死亡率。
脉冲电场 生物污损 脉冲形成线 诱导死亡率 拟合函数 pulsed electric field biofouling pulse forming line induced mortality fitting function 强激光与粒子束
2023, 35(2): 029002
强激光与粒子束
2022, 34(9): 095001
国防科技大学 前沿交叉学科学院,长沙 410073
PFN-Marx发生器可同时实现升压和脉冲形成,具有紧凑的基因。特别是近年来脉冲储能技术的发展,使得直接利用PFN-Marx发生器驱动各类负载成为现实,因而PFN-Marx发生器逐渐成为国内外研究热点。对国内外的高功率紧凑PFN-Marx发生器的研究进展进行了系统介绍,评述其参数和结构特点。通过总结,从时间发展历程上看,PFN-Marx发生器采用高储能密度器件,装置的储能密度水平在不断地提高,尺寸紧凑化水平也在提高;在追求紧凑化的手段上,PFN-Marx发生器的空间结构的优化设计效果优于PFN网络拓扑参数的优化设计;PFN-Marx发生器采用波形优化方法具有较明显的收益,可有效降低装置紧凑化带来级间分布参数更强耦合的负面影响。同时论文探讨了PFN-Marx发生器的发展趋势,为PFN-Marx发生器的研究和技术路线探索提供参考和依据。
高功率 脉冲形成网络 PFN-Marx发生器 高储能密度 high power pulse forming network PFN-Marx generator high energy storage density 强激光与粒子束
2022, 34(7): 075001
中国航空工业集团公司 中国直升机设计研究所,江西 景德镇 333000
提出一种电磁脉冲辐射系统设计方案,此系统由Marx发生器、短路-锐化组合开关型脉冲形成线和带低频补偿的高功率超宽带横向电磁波(TEM)喇叭天线组成。Marx发生器产生的单极脉冲经过短路-锐化组合开关型脉冲形成线锐化成双极脉冲,然后馈入天线进行辐射。仿真结果表明,在充电电压为10 kV时,电磁脉冲源可产生脉冲宽度1.41 ns、峰值功率7.69 MW的双极脉冲,此双极脉冲频谱主要分布在0~1.6 GHz频率范围内;高功率超宽带TEM喇叭天线带宽为0.625~2.9 GHz(相对带宽为129%),功率容量可达10 MW,能有效地将电磁脉冲源产生的双极脉冲辐射出去。
电磁脉冲 Marx发生器 短路-锐化组合开关型脉冲形成线 高功率超宽带TEM喇叭天线 electromagnetic pulse Marx generator chopping-peaking combination switch pulse forming high-power ultra-wideband TEM horn antenna 太赫兹科学与电子信息学报
2021, 19(3): 453
强激光与粒子束
2020, 32(7): 075003
西北核技术研究院 强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安 710024
介绍了西北核技术研究院研制的4 MV脉冲X射线闪光照相装置(“剑光二号”)系统组成和实验结果。装置基于感应电压叠加器(IVA)驱动阳极杆箍缩二极管(RPD)技术,主要由前级脉冲功率源、感应电压叠加器和RPD等组成。前级脉冲功率源由两台3.2 MV低电感Marx发生器和四路同轴水介质线组成。每台Marx同时给两路脉冲形成线(特征阻抗6 Ω、电气长度30 ns)充电,充电峰值时间约370 ns。每路水介质线采用两级脉冲压缩,为感应腔馈入约1 MV/160 kA/60 ns电脉冲。电触发SF6气体开关、自击穿水开关分别用作主同步开关和脉冲陡化开关。感应电压叠加器采用四级1.5 MV感应腔串联,每级感应腔采用单点馈入结构。次级采用真空绝缘传输线实现电压叠加和功率传输,特征阻抗由30 Ω线性增大至120 Ω。采用4 MV电压下综合性能较优的RPD来产生强脉冲X射线。装置目前达到技术指标:输出电压4.3 MV、脉冲前沿(10%~90%) 21 ns、半高宽约70 ns、二极管电流85 kA,X射线半高宽约55 ns,整机延时(从Marx触发器输出到X射线产生)约749 ns,标准偏差约7 ns。当RPD阳极采用直径2 mm钨针时,正前方1 m处剂量约15.5 rad(LiF),正向焦斑约1.4 mm。
X射线照相 感应电压叠加器 阳极杆箍缩二极管 感应腔 脉冲形成线 flash X-ray radiography induction voltage adders rod pinch diode induction cavity pulse forming lines 强激光与粒子束
2020, 32(2): 025013
中国工程物理研究院 应用电子学研究所, 高功率微波技术重点实验室, 四川 绵阳 621900
以FR-4环氧玻璃纤维布为介质材料, 研制了一种S型平板折叠式固态脉冲形成线。从理论上和实验上分析了脉冲形成线的放电过程。重点研究了边缘特性对其特性阻抗的影响, 给出了改进的特征阻抗表达式; 分析了相邻效应和集肤效应对脉冲形成的影响, 给出了脉冲波形中出现高频噪声的原因; 实验上验证了使用寿命与外加电场的关系。采用多级折叠线串并联模块化技术, 提高了模块电压, 降低了特性阻抗, 研制了一种基于串并联技术的Blumlein线模块。该模块的耐压大于120 kV, 特性阻抗约为7 Ω, 脉冲宽度为138 ns。
紧凑型脉冲功率源 脉冲形成线 平板折叠线 快放电 high power pulsed source pulse forming line planar S-type folded line fast discharge process 强激光与粒子束
2019, 31(1): 015003
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
2 Pulsed Power Laboratory Ltd., Ogaki, Ritto, Shiga Prefecture 520-3024, Japan
3 Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Ibaraki Prefecture, Tsukuba, Sengen 2-1-1, 305-8505, Japan
A high-current pulse forming network (PFN) has been developed for applications to artificial solar-wind generation. It is switched by staticinduction thyristor (SIThy) and is capable of generating pulsed current of ~9.7 kA for a time duration of ~1 ms. The SIThy switch module is made that it can be controlled by an optical signal and it can be operated at elevated electrical potential. The experiments reported in this paper used two switch modules connected in series for maximum operating voltage of 3.5 kV. The experimental results have demonstrated a pulsed high-current generator switched by semiconductor devices, as well as the control and operation of SIThy for pulsed power application.
Pulsed power Pulse forming network Power semiconductor device Thyristor High voltage Matter and Radiation at Extremes
2018, 3(5): 261
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
2 State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
This paper provides a review of the compact intense electron-beam accelerators (IEBAs) based on liquid pulse forming lines (PFLs) that have been developed at the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) in China. The history and roadmap of the compact IEBAs used to drive high-power microwave (HPM) devices at NUDT are reviewed. The properties of both de-ionized water and glycerin as energy storage media are presented. Research into the breakdown properties of liquid dielectrics and the desire to maximize energy storage have resulted in the invention of several coaxial PFLs with different electromagnetic structures, which are detailed in this paper. These high energy density liquid PFLs have been used to increase the performance of IEBA subsystems, based on which the SPARK (Single Pulse Accelerator with spark gaps) and HEART (High Energy-density Accelerator with Repetitive Transformer) series of IEBAs were constructed. This paper also discusses how these compact IEBAs have been used to drive typical HPM devices and concludes by summarizing the associated achievements and the conclusions that can be drawn from the results.
High-power microwave (HPM) Intense electron-beam accelerator (IEBA) Pulsed power technology (PPT) Pulse forming line (PFL) Fluid of high energy density De-ionized water Glycerin Matter and Radiation at Extremes
2018, 3(6): 278