精密零部件的高精度三维成像是工业制造和检测的关键任务。针对现有的线激光测量系统效率慢、精度低等问题，提出了利用远心成像的线激光三维测量系统，研究了该系统的标定方法。首先，分别采集不同位置的靶标图像和激光线照射下相同位置的靶标图像，通过远心正交成像标定相机内参矩阵系数和外参位姿关系；然后，建立线激光投影平面与标定目标平面之间的几何关系，求解不同目标平面下的激光线方向矢量，进而通过最小二乘法获得光平面方程；最后，在极大似然准则下，利用Levenberg-Marquard非线性优化算法精确地计算标定参数最优解，搭建了测试系统，开发了专用标定程序。实验结果表明：在60 mm×48 mm的视场下，所设计的系统和方法可以实现优于18 μm的测量误差，能够快速准确地重建出三维形貌。

High accuracy three-dimensional (3D) imaging of precision components is vital for industrial manufacturing and inspection. To address the low efficiency and low accuracy of the existing line laser measurement system, a line laser three-dimensional measurement system using telecentric imaging is proposed herein, and the calibration method of the system is analyzed. First, target images of different positions and the same position under laser irradiation are obtained, and the relationship between the internal parameter matrix coefficient and external parameter pose of the camera is calibrated via telecentric orthogonal imaging. Subsequently, the geometric relationship between the line laser projection and calibration target planes is established, the laser line direction vectors under different target planes are solved, and the equation of the light plane is obtained via the least-squares method. The Levenberg-Marquard nonlinear optimization algorithm is used to accurately calculate the optimal solution of calibration parameters under the maximum likelihood criterion. Additionally, a test system and a calibration program are developed. Experimental results show that under a 60 mm × 48 mm field of view, the designed system can achieve a measurement accuracy of 18 μm; furthermore, it can rapidly and accurately reconstruct the three-dimensional geometric model.