棉、麻纤维鉴别是纺织纤维定性分析的一个难点。它对检测人员的要求高，且检测结果易受人为因素影响。通过用相关分析法和峰强比值法对棉、麻的中红外光谱与反映棉、麻晶体结构的结晶度和取向度指标进行综合分析，得到了棉和麻的特征光谱和基准光谱。由于棉、麻的取向度存在显著差异，选取取向度的中红外特征波长，然后通过回归分析，得到了取向度与棉、麻中红外光谱的回归方程。该回归方程即可对棉、麻进行区分。该方法简便、快速、无损而且环保，无纺织背景的检测人员也可在1～2 min内得到检测结果。研究结果表明，该方法可有效简化棉、麻鉴别实验，从而提高工作效率。

Identification of cotton and linen fabric is difficult in the qualitative analysis of textile fibers. Its request to testers is high and its test result is easy to be affected by artificial factors. Through comprehensive analysis of the mid-infrared spectra of cotton and linen and the crystallinity and orientation degree which reflect the crystal structures of cotton and linen by the methods of correlation analysis and peaks’ intensity ratio, the characteristic spectra and reference spectra of cotton and linen are obtained. Because there is a significant difference between cotton and linen in orientation degree, the mid-infrared characteristic wavelength of orientation degree is selected. Then, through regression analysis, the regression equation for orientation degree and mid-infrared spectra of cotton and linen is obtained. The regression equation can be used to identify cotton and linen. The method is simple, convenient, nondestructive and environmental. A test person even withoutany textile knowledge can complete the test in 2 minutes or less. The result shows that the method can simplify the identification of cotton and linen so as to improve operation efficiency.