建立不同季节、不同竹种的竹笋及其废弃物醇提物中化学成分的高效液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)的检测方法。竹笋及其废弃物样品采用乙醇热回流提取、浓缩, 大孔树脂纯化、浓缩、真空干燥, 以水-甲醇溶液为流动相进行色谱分离, 用紫外光谱和高分辨质谱检测, 根据所测得的各个组分分子离子峰质核比的(m/z)值及通过查阅文献分析结果。结果表明: 不同季节、不同竹种的竹笋及其废弃物醇提物中都含有黄酮类及其衍生物、氨基酸类、脂肪酸、糖类、酯类等; 毛竹冬笋中特含有三萜类、苯类等物质, 毛竹春笋中特含有不饱和醇等物质, 雷竹笋中无特有成分, 麻竹笋中有脂肪醇等物质。该试验初步确定了竹笋及其废弃物中的化学成分, 同时为竹笋及其废弃物成分分析提供了一条快捷、简单准确的方法。

A new liquid chromatographic method coupled with high resolution mass spectrometric detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of chemical principles of ethanol extracts from different parts and species of bamboo shoots and waste materials. The extracts were extracted by the method of ethanol backflow and then concentrated.The extracts were vacuum dried after purification with AB-8 resin and concentrated. The chemical principles of ethanol extracts from different parts and species of bamboo shoots and waste materials were separated on liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected with high resolution mass spectrometry. Results were analyzed with comparison of their MS spectra and literature data. The results showed that, the different parts and species of bamboo shoots and waste materials had a lot of compounds,such as flavonoids and its derivative, amino acid, fatty acid, polysaccharide, ester and etc, winter shoot of Phyllostachys pubescens had triterpenoids and benzene, spring shoot of Phyllostachys pubescens had unsaturated alcohol, Latiflorus mcclure had fatty alcohol and etc.were determined tentatively. Conclusion can be deserved that:the HPLC-HRMS was an easy, simple, rapid and accurate method for bamboo shoots analysis.