针对脉冲激光近感探测在烟雾干扰下引起的虚警、漏警等问题，本文根据 Mie散射理论，运用 Monte Carlo方法建立脉冲激光近感探测模型，仿真 905 nm脉冲激光获取大小目标在无干扰和烟雾干扰两种条件下的回波，分析回波的波形特征。结果表明：无干扰情况下，发射接收系统与目标之间的距离和回波幅值呈负相关；大小目标回波前沿的上升速率均呈递增趋势。烟雾干扰情况下，烟雾回波和目标回波的脉冲宽度相对于发射激光波形均有一定的展宽，但前者的展宽程度要大于后者；烟雾回波波形呈现前沿陡峭，后沿平缓的非对称特征。研究成果可以为激光近感探测抗烟雾干扰提供理论基础。

To address the problems of false and missed alarms caused by smoke interference in pulsed laser proximity detection, according to Mie scattering theory and the Monte Carlo method, this study established a pulsed laser proximity detection model, simulated a 905-nm pulsed laser to obtain echoes of large and small targets under the conditions of no interference and smoke interference, and analyzed the waveform characteristics of the echoes. The results show that there is a negative correlation between the distance from the transmitting and receiving system to the target and the echo amplitude without interference. The rising rate of the echo front of large and small targets increases. Under the condition of smoke interference, the pulse widths of the smoke and target echoes have a certain broadening compared with the transmitted laser waveform. However, the broadening degree of the former is greater than that of the latter, and the smoke echo waveform is asymmetric with a steep front edge and gentle back edge. The results provide a theoretical basis for anti-smoke interference in laser proximity detection.