表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)是利用金属或金属纳米颗粒作为检测基底的一种分析测试技术, 可用于表征分子振动的信息, 具有良好的再现性和稳定性。 纳米酶是一种具有催化功能的纳米材料, 近年来, 纳米材料模拟酶催化活性的研究发展迅速, 引起了生物学、 医学等学科的广泛研究兴趣。 与天然酶不同的是纳米酶能够避免生物酶易失活的弱点, 在水或缓冲溶液中表现出较高的稳定性和良好的催化性能, 可调催化活性和制备方法简单的特点, 使其在分析催化化学和酶动力学领域具有广泛的应用前景。 目前SERS技术与模拟生物酶催化活性相结合的研究十分有限, 大部分纳米酶的研究采用紫外可见吸收光谱对纳米酶催化性能进行分析, 检测手法比较单一。 通过一步自组装氧化还原聚合法制备聚苯胺(PANI)基体中的Ag纳米颗粒, 在苯胺的聚合过程中, 利用AgNO₃和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)作为氧化剂和结构诱导剂, 在还原AgNO₃的同时进行苯胺的氧化聚合, 制备出了具有SERS增强性能, 且具有模拟过氧化物酶和葡萄糖氧化酶两种模拟酶活性的Ag/PANI纳米复合材料。 经过研究发现, 这种纳米复合材料不仅可以作为单独的过氧化物酶或者葡萄糖氧化酶实现催化功能, 还可以作为串联酶, 直接通过氧化3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)反映葡萄糖的浓度。 因此将SERS技术和模拟酶催化研究相结合, 利用SERS技术实现了对过氧化氢、 葡萄糖以及TMB更加快速有效地检测。

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is an analytical test technique that uses metal or metal nanoparticles as a detection substrate. It can be used to characterize molecular vibration information with good reproducibility and stability. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with catalytic functions. In recent years, the research on the catalytic activity of nanozymes has developed rapidly, which has aroused extensive research interest in biology and medicine. Nanozymes can avoid the characteristics of easy inactivation of biological enzymes, exhibits high stability and good catalytic performance in water or buffer solution. It has broad application prospects in the field of catalysis and enzyme kinetics due to its catalytic activity and simple preparation method. However, the research on the combination of SERS technology and the simulation of the catalytic activity of biological enzymes is limited. Most of the studies use UV-visible absorption spectroscopy to analyze the catalytic performance of nanozymes. In this paper, Ag nanoparticles in the PANI matrix were prepared by one-step self-assembly redox polymerization. In the polymerization of aniline, a composite of AgNO₃-(3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) acts as oxidants and structure inducers; then the reduction of AgNO₃ is accompanied by the oxidation of aniline, resulting in the formation of Ag nanoparticles within a PANI matrix. It can be found that nanocomposite can function as not only peroxidase and glucose oxidase, but also tandem enzyme, which directly reflect glucose concentration by oxidizing TMB. Therefore, SERS technology and simulated enzyme catalysis research are combined in this paper, and SERS technology is used to detect H₂O₂, glucose and TMB more quickly and effectively.