将红外热成像技术与图像处理技术结合，用压差法进行建筑外窗空气渗透检测。通过红外热成像仪对建筑外窗进行红外图片采集，利用图像处理技术对采集的外窗图像进行红外图像处理，针对红外图像中的异常区域对外窗缺陷进行检测，并进行缺陷的面积计算，建立外窗缺陷红外检测模型。根据实验测得的室内外温差、外窗缺陷面积、空气渗透量建立建筑外窗空气渗透量计算模型，将模型与建筑外窗缺陷红外检测模型结合，对外窗缺陷引发的能耗进行定量分析。结果表明：对外窗缺陷进行维护，能够减少外窗耗能，提高外窗节能。外窗每减少 1 cm2的空气渗透面积，每年能够节能 66146 kJ；外窗气密性能等级每提高 1级，单位面积外窗每年能够节能 110012 kJ。

The differential pressure method, which combines infrared thermal imaging and image processing technologies, is used to detect air infiltration of building exterior windows. Infrared images of the exterior windows of the building were collected using an infrared thermal imager and then processed using infrared image processing technology. Exterior window defects were detected from abnormal areas in the infrared images, and the area of the defects was calculated to establish an infrared detection model for exterior window defects. Based on the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, defect area of the outer window, and air infiltration amount measured in the experiment, a calculation model was established for the amount of air infiltration for the building’s outer window. The model was combined with the infrared detection model for building window defects, to quantitatively analyze the energy consumption caused by the defects. The results show that the maintenance of exterior window defects can reduce energy consumption of the exterior window and improve energy savings. For every 1 cm2 reduction in the air infiltration area of exterior windows, 66146 kJ of energy can be saved annually. For each level of airtightness improvement of exterior windows, 110012 kJ of energy per unit area of exterior windows can be saved annually.