为了解决视觉检测中由光照不均引起的金属线形被测物表面亮度差异变化过大而导致的灰度图像不能正确显示的问题，提出一种用于空间高曲率金属线形被测物的均匀化照明光源优化分析方法及解决方案。首先，基于光度学理论建立照明空间内任意点的理想照明模型。之后，推导该点表面照度、反射率、空间坐标信息与图像灰度之间的数学关系模型，利用MATLAB软件进行仿真模拟，对数据进行分析获取影响被测物均匀化照明成像的主要因素，在此基础上采用穹顶光源对照明光源进行改进，改进后金属线形被测物表面均匀度达92.85%。实验结果表明，该方案可以有效地提高金属线形被测物表面均匀度，较改进前提高34.77%，可以有效解决该类型被测物视觉检测中的成像问题。

An optimization method and its derived solution for uniform lighting source of a metal linear test object with high curvature in space are proposed to solve the gray-scale image display problem attributed to the wide variations in brightness on the surface of the metal linear test object caused by uneven illumination in visual inspection. First, the ideal lighting model of any point in the lighting space is established using photometric theory. The mathematical relationship between the surface illuminance, reflectance, spatial coordinate information, and image gray level of the point is then derived, and the simulation is performed using MATLAB. Analyzing the data yielded the primary factors influencing uniform illumination and imaging of the measured object. On this premise, the dome light source is utilized to improve the illumination light source, and the surface uniformity of the metal linear measured object is 92.85%. The experimental findings demonstrate that this technique can effectively improve the surface uniformity of the metal linear object, up to 34.77% higher. Furthermore, it can effectively solve the imaging problem during visual inspection of this type of object.