X射线光谱现场分析技术是在现场工作条件下对待测目标体中元素进行快速定性和定量分析的仪器分析技术, 被广泛应用于一些大型分析仪器和化学分析方法所不能直接应用的领域。 该文回顾了近二十年来我国X射线光谱现场分析技术的研究进展。 从现场原位分析和现场取样分析两个角度, 评述了现场X射线光谱仪的研究进展和主要技术特征; 探讨了X射线光谱现场分析数据处理的关键技术问题, 概括了X射线仪器谱解析方法的创新性和演变规律; 介绍了我国现场X射线光谱分析在地质普查、 环境污染调查、 文物现场鉴定、 合金分析中的重要应用; 评价了国际上X射线光谱现场分析仪的研究现状和进展。 提出了X射线光谱现场分析技术的研究方向, 以期在更多的应用领域得到长足发展。

In-situ X-ray fluorescence analysis technology is an instrumental analysis technology for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements in the measured object under in-situ working conditions. It is widely used in some fields where large analytical instruments and chemical analysis methods cannot be directly operated. This paper reviews the research progress of in-situ X-ray fluorescence analysis technology in China in the past 20 years. The research progress and main technical characteristics of in-situ X-ray spectrometer are reviewed from the perspectives of in-situ analysis and in-situ sampling analysis. The vital technical problems of in-situ analysis data processing of X-ray spectrum are discussed. The representative applications of X-ray spectrum analysis in the geological survey, environmental pollution investigation, identification of cultural relics and alloy analysis are introduced. The research status and progress of in-situ X-ray spectrometers in the world are evaluated. The potential research directions put forward to make great progress in more application fields.