基于线性调频（LFM）脉冲的光纤分布式声波传感（DAS）技术采用同时具有连续波形和脉冲波形优势的LFM脉冲作为探测光，利用频移产生附加相位实现光纤应变导致相位补偿的原理进行传感。可实现光纤链路沿线声/振信号的定量波形恢复，具有响应速度快、灵敏度高等特点，在地球物理学、线性基础设施监测等领域具有显著的优势和应用前景。论述基于LFM脉冲DAS技术的基本传感机理，概述传感距离、空间分辨率、频率响应与衰落噪声抑制等关键技术指标的研究进展，介绍DAS在典型应用中的进展，并对未来可能发展趋势进行探讨。

Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology based on linear frequency modulation (LFM) pulses has gained popularity due to its ability to combine the advantages of both continuous and pulse waveforms in detection light. By utilizing the principle of frequency shift, additional phases can be generated to achieve phase compensation for fiber strain sensing. This technology enables quantitative waveform recovery of acoustic signals at various locations along the fiber optic link, with fast response times and high sensitivity. DAS has significant potential for applications in geophysics and linear infrastructure monitoring. In this study, we discuss the basic sensing mechanism of LFM pulse-based DAS technology, present research progress on key scientific and technical indicators such as sensing distance, spatial resolution, frequency response, and fading noise suppression, and introduce the progress of DAS in typical applications. Finally, we discuss possible future development trends.