基于激光穿透焊的工艺特性和热源特点, 建立了新型的高斯面热源+三维锥体热源的组合式热源模型。先采用正交试验法探索五个模型参数对焊缝熔深和熔宽的影响, 筛选出权重比较大的f1、ze、re三个参数。然后, 基于Weldox960钢激光焊接试验结果, 用模式搜索法对混合热源模型进行了反演计算, 将反演后获得的模型参数带入模型进行熔池温度场的模拟。结果表明, 计算结果与试验结果吻合度非常好, 证明高斯面热源和三维锥体热源的混合热源能够有效的模拟激光焊过程中的热流分布。另外, 还发现相比于离焦量而言, 三个模型参数和功率的关系比较明显。

Based on the process and heat source characteristics of laser penetration welding, a new combined heat source model of Gaussian surface heat source and 3D cone heat source was established. Firstly, the orthogonal test method is used to explore the influence of five model parameters on the weld penetration and the width of the weld, and the three parameters f1, ze and re with larger weights are selected. Then, based on the laser welding test results of Weldox960 steel, the mixed heat source model is inversely calculated by the pattern search method, and the model parameters obtained after the inversion are brought into the model to simulate the molten pool temperature field. The results show that the calculated results agree well with the experimental results, which proves that the mixed heat source of Gaussian surface heat source and three-dimensional cone heat source can effectively simulate the heat flow distribution during laser welding. In addition, it is also found that the relationship between the three model parameters and power is more obvious than the amount of defocus.