介绍了基于吸收法的脉冲硬X射线能谱测量的基本原理及设计思路，完成了探测器及吸收片的选型，设计了射线准直系统，研究了散射对测量的影响，以12路PIN探测器阵列及铜、铝吸收片为测量核心部件研制了脉冲硬X射线能谱测量系统。实验测量了真空环境下“闪光二号”加速器串级二极管产生的脉冲硬X射线强度，获得了不同衰减程度的实验波形，通过解谱获得了脉冲硬X射线的能谱，光子最高能量约600 keV，平均能量约89.1 keV，与理论计算的结果比较符合。

This paper introduces the basic principle and design ideas of absorptive method for X-ray energy spectrum measurement. Si-PIN detectors array and Cu, Al attenuation materials were used to design the energy spectrometer combining theoretical calculation and experimental study. The collimating and anti-interference system was developed to obtain higher signal-to-noise ratio waveforms. The influence of scattering was researched. The different attenuation waveforms of pulsed hard X-ray at ShanguangⅡ accelerator were measured experimentally in the vacuum environment. The energy spectrum was calculated. The maximum energy of X-ray was about 600 keV, and the average energy was about 89.1 keV, which agreed with the calculation results.