提出将基于Stokes参量的偏振共焦显微成像技术应用于弱各向异性物质的成像研究。通过将分振幅Stokes参量测量法与共焦扫描成像技术相结合的方法,得到了基于Stokes参量测量的偏振共焦显微成像系统。利用该系统对具有弱各向异性的生物组织样品进行逐点测量,通过四个通道同时测量获得全部的Stokes参量。再以计算得到的偏振参量作为成像物理量进行图像重建,获得对应Stokes参量、偏振度、相位差、方位角和椭率角的空间分布图像,从而对生物组织实现细胞水平的偏振显微成像研究。实验结果表明：基于Stokes参量的偏振共焦显微成像技术能够获得弱各向异性的生物组织样品的显微图像,并通过比较样品的Stokes参量及相关偏振参量的分布图像,提取样品全部的偏振信息,从而为生物组织的特性研究提供更丰富的信息。

Polarization confocal microscopy imaging technique based on Stokes parameters measurement is proposed to apply to the imaging research of weak anisotropic substances. By combining the division-of-amplitude Stokes parameters measurement method with the confocal scanning imaging technique, the polarization confocal microscopy imaging system based on Stokes parameters measurement is achieved. By using the system on the measurement of weak anisotropic biological tissue point by point and through the four channels simultaneously, we can obtain all the Stokes parameters. After calculating the data, the obtained polarization parameters is used as the physical quantity for image rebuild and obtain the spatial distribution images which contain the corresponding Stokes parameters, degree of polarization, phase difference, azimuth angle and ellipticity angle. Therefore, the polarization microscopy imaging investigation of biological tissue at cellular level is realized. The experimental result shows that: the microscopy image of weak anisotropic biological tissue can be measured by the polarization confocal microscopy technique based on Stokes parameters measurement. And through the comparison among the distribution images of the stokes parameters and the relative polarization parameters, all the polarization information of the sample is extracted. It provides more rich information in the study of biological tissue properties.