现有太阳模拟器在辐照度调节时存在调节范围窄、数值不连续等缺陷,这会严重影响辐照不稳定度和光谱匹配度。针对这个问题,提出基于环带聚光与对称匀光理论的太阳辐照调制方法。首先,研究椭球聚光镜配光所形成的辐照面的能量分布;接着,研究光学积分器的匀光机理,提出基于通孔的能量调制方法,结合辐照度分布函数获得均匀的辐照度分布;最后,设计辐照调节系统,通过改变辐照调节板开孔尺寸实现辐照度的连续调节,利用Lighttools软件进行辐照度仿真。仿真结果表明:太阳模拟器的辐照度在490.38~1473.78 W/m ²范围内连续可调,且椭球聚光镜的斜率误差为σ=2 mrad时,不同辐照度下的不均匀度均优于1.76%(达到太阳模拟器校准规范的A级要求),实现了太阳模拟器辐照度的宽范围调节,且辐照度调节不会改变辐照不稳定度和光谱匹配度。

During irradiance regulation with solar simulators, narrow regulation range, discontinuous values, and other defects seriously affect irradiation instability and spectral matching. Therefore, a method based on the theories of ring concentrated light and symmetric uniform light is proposed for solar irradiation modulation. Firstly, the energy distribution of the irradiated surface formed by the light distribution with an ellipsoidal mirror is studied. Subsequently, the energy modulation method based on through holes is proposed by studying the uniform light mechanism of optical integrators. The irradiance distribution function is combined to obtain a uniform irradiance distribution. Finally, the irradiation regulation system is designed, which continuously adjusts the irradiance by changing the aperture size of the irradiation regulation plate, and the irradiance is simulated with Lighttools. The simulation results show that the irradiance of the solar simulator is continuously adjustable in the range of 490.38--1473.78 W/m ², and the nonuniformities under different irradiances are better than 1.76% (meeting the requirements of Class A in the calibration specification of solar simulators) when slope error of ellipsoidal mirror is σ=2 mrad. In conclusion, the wide-range irradiance regulation of solar simulators is realized, without changing the irradiance instability and spectral matching.