为提高海洋设施聚合物涂层表面的抗生物污损性能,以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)聚合物为研究对象,采用皮秒激光直接刻蚀方法,在PDMS聚合物膜表面制备了单向微沟槽、网格微沟槽、微凹坑等不同微纳结构。利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察了试样表面粗糙度和微纳结构特征,利用接触角测量仪测量了去离子水在不同试样表面的静态接触角和动态接触角。研究分析了皮秒激光加工参数对三类微纳结构PDMS膜表面粗糙度、静态接触角和动态接触角的影响,获得了具有超疏水性和强脱附性的微纳结构PDMS膜表面的皮秒激光加工方法,即:在PDMS膜表面制备网格微沟槽或微凹坑类微纳结构,微单元间距为50 μm,皮秒激光加工工艺参数为激光能量密度1.536×10 14 W/m 2,激光扫描速率200 mm/s,激光重复加工5次。研究表明,利用皮秒激光刻蚀技术在 PDMS膜表面加工制备优化设计的微纳结构,可以改善表面的超疏水性和脱附性能。聚合物膜层表面微纳结构的皮秒激光刻蚀技术在预防海洋生物污损方面具有发展潜力。

In order to improve the anti-biofouling performance of polymer coatings on marine facilities, we employ the picosecond laser etching technique to fabricate micro/nano-structures on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is selected as the experimental polymer material. Various micro/nano-structure patterns, such as single-directional micro-grooves, grid micro-grooves and micro-pits, are fabricated on the PDMS plate surfaces. The surface roughness and micro-pattern unit characteristics of these samples are determined by the laser confocal microscope, and the static contact angles and dynamic contact angles of deionized water drops on these samples are measured by the contact angle meter. The effects of picosecond laser etching processing parameters on the roughness, static contact angles and dynamic contact angles of the PDMS samples with various micro/nano-structure surfaces are investigated. The picosecond laser etching processing method is established to obtain the optimum surface micro/nano-structures which can impart excellent super-hydrophobicity and desorption performance to PDMS surfaces. The optimum micro-unit spacing is 50 μm for the grid micro-groove and micro-pit patterns, which can be fabricated with the optimum picosecond laser etching processing parameters, such as laser energy density of 1.536×10 ¹⁴ W·m ^-2, laser scanning speed of 200 mm·s ^-1, and laser repeat-etching for 5 times. It is revealed that the picosecond laser etching micro/nano-structures on the PDMS surfaces can greatly improve their super-hydrophobicity and desorption performance. Moreover, the picosecond laser etching polymer technique possesses a wonderful prospect on the anti-biofouling performance improvement of marine facilities.