为了研究大气湍流对不同波长激光传输特性的影响, 利用MATLAB对其进行了仿真, 设计湍流模拟箱进行实验, 将仿真和实验结果对比进行了理论分析和实验验证。对激光波前光强分布进行了观察与记录, 并对不同波长激光束在相同大气条件下的光束漂移和光强起伏做了测量与分析; 就大气湍流对线偏振光的偏振态影响进行了实验观测。结果表明, 随着大气湍流的增强, 激光波前光强分布容易受到明显的影响; 激光束的光强起伏随着波长的增大而减小, 其方差最高到达2.79×10-2, 而光束漂移则与波长无关, 方差最高到达9.11×10-12; 线偏振光受到湍流效应的影响, 其光强产生随机变化, 且随着湍流强度的提高, 变化程度更剧烈。实验测试数据结果与大气湍流理论相符合, 这对激光大气传输的研究具有一定的参考价值。

In order to study the influence of atmospheric turbulence on laser transmission characteristics with different wavelengths, the theoretical calculation was carried out by using MATLAB, and a turbulence simulation box was designed for experiment. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results for theoretical analysis and experimental verification. The intensity distribution of laser wavefront was observed and recorded. The beam drift and intensity fluctuation of different wavelength laser beams under the same atmospheric conditions were measured and analyzed. The effect of atmospheric turbulence on the polarization state of linearly polarized light was experimentally observed. The experimental results show that the intensity distribution of laser wavefront is easily affected with the enhancement of atmospheric turbulence. The intensity fluctuation of laser beam decreases with the increase of wavelength, and its variance is up to 2.79×10-2, the beam drift is independent of wavelength, and its variance is up to 9.11×10-12. Secondly, linearly polarized light is affected by turbulence effect, and its light intensity changes randomly, and its change degree is more intense with the increase of turbulence intensity. The experimental results are consistent with the atmospheric turbulence theory, which has a certain reference value for laser atmospheric transmission.