发光碳纳米点的带隙调控及应用

碳点作为一种新型的碳基荧光纳米粒子由于其可调谐发光、高光稳定性、生物相容性和低成本等独特优势而引起了很多关注。在过去的十几年中, 碳点的制备和应用取得了巨大进展。然而, 由于前体和合成方法的多样性, 碳点的光致发光机理具有很大争议。现在人们普遍认为, 碳点的光致发光源于电子在带隙的跃迁, 并将荧光起源分别归结为碳核跃迁(π-π*)、表面态跃迁(n-π*)以及分子荧光团等。本文总结了碳点发光起源的几种可能和机制, 分别讨论了通过调控碳点粒径以及进行表面工程处理的方法来实现碳纳米点带隙可调控的高效发光。介绍了通过表面工程、元素掺杂等手段提升碳纳米点光致发光量子产率及其在光电器件、信息存储、生物成像、光热治疗以及光动力治疗中的应用。

Abstract

Carbon dots(CDots) as a novel carbon-based fluorescent nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention due to their distinctive advantages such as tunable emission, high photostability, biocompatibility, and low cost. In the past decade, preparation and application of CDots have been made great progress. However, the accurate photoluminescence(PL) mechanisms of CDots are controversial due to the diversity of the precursor and the synthetic method. Now it is generally accepted that the optical properties of CDots originate from core state(π-π*), surface edge state(n-π*), molecular fluorophores or their combination. We will discuss them successively in the following part. In this review, firstly we summarize the photoluminescence origins of CDots, then discuss the methods to modulate the bandgap by particle size modification and surface structure engineering respectively. This is followed by introduction of the enhancement of PLQY. The most effective applications of CDots in optoelectronic devices, information storage, bioimaging and cancer treatment are also mentioned. This review concludes with an outlook on the development and application prospects of CDots.

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张博涵, 田震, 李迪, 周鼎, 鲍鑫, 周正杰, 曲松楠. 发光碳纳米点的带隙调控及应用[J]. 发光学报, 2019, 40(6): 691. ZHANG Bo-han, TIAN Zhen, LI Di, ZHOU Ding, BAO Xin, ZHOU Zheng-jie, QU Song-nan. Luminescent Carbon Dots:Bandgap Modulation and Applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Luminescence, 2019, 40(6): 691.

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